PMID- 26446939
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20160526
LR  - 20181202
IS  - 1873-2542 (Electronic)
IS  - 0378-1135 (Linking)
VI  - 180
IP  - 3-4
DP  - 2015 Nov 18
TI  - The PD-L1/CD86 ratio is increased in dendritic cells co-infected with porcine 
      circovirus type 2 and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus, and 
      the PD-L1/PD-1 axis is associated with anergy, apoptosis, and the induction of 
      regulatory T-cells in porcine lymphocytes.
PG  - 223-9
LID - S0378-1135(15)30032-8 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.vetmic.2015.09.014 [doi]
AB  - Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) and porcine reproductive and respiratory 
      syndrome virus (PRRSV) continue to have a negative economic impact on global 
      swine production operations. Host immune modulations that potentiate disease 
      during PCV2 and/or PRRSV infections are important areas of ongoing research. In 
      this study, we evaluated the expression levels of PD-L1, CD86, and IL-10 in order 
      to phenotype dendritic cells following viral infection with PCV2b and/or PRRSV. 
      The results showed that the inhibitory marker PD-L1 was significantly increased 
      in monocyte derived dendritic cells (MoDC) in both singular PCV2 infection and 
      PCV2/PRRSV co-infections. MoDC expression of stimulatory marker CD86 was 
      significantly increased during singular PCV2 infections, while it was 
      significantly decreased in the treatment groups co-infected with both PCV2 and 
      PRRSV. IL-10 production was highest among MoDCs that were co-infected with PCV2 
      and PRRSV. These results indicate that dendritic cells develop a regulatory 
      phenotype following PCV2/PRRSV co-infections. We further investigated the role of 
      the PD-L1/PD-1 axis in lymphocyte anergy, apoptosis, and the induction of 
      regulatory T-cells in porcine mononuclear cell populations. Lymphocyte 
      populations with normal PD-1 expression had higher percentages of anergic, 
      apoptotic lymphocytes and CD4(+)CD25(HIGH)FoxP3(+) regulatory T-cells when 
      compared to a PD-1 deficient lymphocyte population. These results implicate the 
      PD-L1/PD-1 axis in negative regulation of lymphocyte responses in pigs.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
FAU - Richmond, O
AU  - Richmond O
AD  - Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, 
      VA, United States.
FAU - Cecere, T E
AU  - Cecere TE
AD  - Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, 
      VA, United States. Electronic address: tcecere@vt.edu.
FAU - Erdogan, E
AU  - Erdogan E
AD  - Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, 
      VA, United States.
FAU - Meng, X J
AU  - Meng XJ
AD  - Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, 
      VA, United States.
FAU - Pineyro, P
AU  - Pineyro P
AD  - Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, 
      VA, United States.
FAU - Subramaniam, S
AU  - Subramaniam S
AD  - Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, 
      VA, United States.
FAU - Todd, S M
AU  - Todd SM
AD  - Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, 
      VA, United States.
FAU - LeRoith, T
AU  - LeRoith T
AD  - Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, 
      VA, United States.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20150921
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Vet Microbiol
JT  - Veterinary microbiology
JID - 7705469
RN  - 0 (B7-2 Antigen)
RN  - 0 (B7-H1 Antigen)
RN  - 130068-27-8 (Interleukin-10)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Apoptosis
MH  - B7-2 Antigen/*metabolism
MH  - B7-H1 Antigen/*metabolism
MH  - Cells, Cultured
MH  - Circoviridae Infections/*immunology
MH  - Circovirus
MH  - Coinfection/*immunology/virology
MH  - Dendritic Cells/*metabolism/virology
MH  - Interleukin-10/metabolism
MH  - Leukocytes/immunology
MH  - Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome
MH  - Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus
MH  - Swine/immunology
MH  - Swine Diseases/virology
MH  - T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/*immunology
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Co-infection
OT  - Monocyte derived dendritic cells (MoDC)
OT  - Porcine circovirus associated disease (PCVAD)
OT  - Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2)
OT  - Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV)
OT  - Programed cell death-1 (PD-1)
OT  - Programed death ligand-1 (PD-L1)
EDAT- 2015/10/09 06:00
MHDA- 2016/05/27 06:00
CRDT- 2015/10/09 06:00
PHST- 2015/04/20 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2015/09/03 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2015/09/16 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2015/10/09 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2015/10/09 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2016/05/27 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0378-1135(15)30032-8 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.vetmic.2015.09.014 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Vet Microbiol. 2015 Nov 18;180(3-4):223-9. doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2015.09.014. 
      Epub 2015 Sep 21.