PMID- 26460011
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20160229
LR  - 20181113
IS  - 1091-6490 (Electronic)
IS  - 0027-8424 (Print)
IS  - 0027-8424 (Linking)
VI  - 112
IP  - 44
DP  - 2015 Nov 3
TI  - Functional group-specific traits drive phytoplankton dynamics in the oligotrophic 
      ocean.
PG  - E5972-9
LID - 10.1073/pnas.1518165112 [doi]
AB  - A diverse microbial assemblage in the ocean is responsible for nearly half of 
      global primary production. It has been hypothesized and experimentally 
      demonstrated that nutrient loading can stimulate blooms of large eukaryotic 
      phytoplankton in oligotrophic systems. Although central to balancing 
      biogeochemical models, knowledge of the metabolic traits that govern the dynamics 
      of these bloom-forming phytoplankton is limited. We used eukaryotic 
      metatranscriptomic techniques to identify the metabolic basis of functional 
      group-specific traits that may drive the shift between net heterotrophy and 
      autotrophy in the oligotrophic ocean. Replicated blooms were simulated by deep 
      seawater (DSW) addition to mimic nutrient loading in the North Pacific 
      Subtropical Gyre, and the transcriptional responses of phytoplankton functional 
      groups were assayed. Responses of the diatom, haptophyte, and dinoflagellate 
      functional groups in simulated blooms were unique, with diatoms and haptophytes 
      significantly (95% confidence) shifting their quantitative metabolic fingerprint 
      from the in situ condition, whereas dinoflagellates showed little response. 
      Significantly differentially abundant genes identified the importance of 
      colimitation by nutrients, metals, and vitamins in eukaryotic phytoplankton 
      metabolism and bloom formation in this system. The variable transcript allocation 
      ratio, used to quantify transcript reallocation following DSW amendment, differed 
      for diatoms and haptophytes, reflecting the long-standing paradigm of 
      phytoplankton r- and K-type growth strategies. Although the underlying metabolic 
      potential of the large eukaryotic phytoplankton was consistently present, the 
      lack of a bloom during the study period suggests a crucial dependence on physical 
      and biogeochemical forcing, which are susceptible to alteration with changing 
      climate.
FAU - Alexander, Harriet
AU  - Alexander H
AD  - MIT-WHOI Joint Program in Oceanography/Applied Ocean Science and Engineering, 
      Cambridge, MA 02139; Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 
      Woods Hole, MA 02543;
FAU - Rouco, Monica
AU  - Rouco M
AD  - Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, 
      Columbia University, Palisades, NY 10964;
FAU - Haley, Sheean T
AU  - Haley ST
AD  - Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, 
      Columbia University, Palisades, NY 10964;
FAU - Wilson, Samuel T
AU  - Wilson ST
AD  - Daniel K. Inouye Center for Microbial Oceanography: Research and Education, 
      Department of Oceanography, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822.
FAU - Karl, David M
AU  - Karl DM
AD  - Daniel K. Inouye Center for Microbial Oceanography: Research and Education, 
      Department of Oceanography, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822 
      sdyhrman@ldeo.columbia.edu dkarl@hawaii.edu.
FAU - Dyhrman, Sonya T
AU  - Dyhrman ST
AD  - Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, 
      Columbia University, Palisades, NY 10964; sdyhrman@ldeo.columbia.edu 
      dkarl@hawaii.edu.
LA  - eng
SI  - SRA/SRP056385
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
DEP - 20151012
PL  - United States
TA  - Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
JT  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
JID - 7505876
SB  - IM
MH  - Oceans and Seas
MH  - Phytoplankton/growth & development/*physiology
MH  - Seawater
PMC - PMC4640801
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - biogeochemistry
OT  - blooms
OT  - ecological traits
OT  - metatranscriptomics
OT  - phytoplankton
COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2015/10/16 06:00
MHDA- 2016/03/02 06:00
PMCR- 2015/10/12
CRDT- 2015/10/14 06:00
PHST- 2015/10/14 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2015/10/16 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2016/03/02 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2015/10/12 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 1518165112 [pii]
AID - 201518165 [pii]
AID - 10.1073/pnas.1518165112 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2015 Nov 3;112(44):E5972-9. doi: 
      10.1073/pnas.1518165112. Epub 2015 Oct 12.