PMID- 26485665
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20170612
LR  - 20190320
IS  - 1879-1220 (Electronic)
IS  - 0960-0760 (Linking)
VI  - 160
DP  - 2016 Jun
TI  - The feto-placental unit, and potential roles of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) in 
      prenatal and postnatal brain development: A re-examination using the spiny mouse.
PG  - 204-13
LID - S0960-0760(15)30101-1 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2015.09.044 [doi]
AB  - Synthesis of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) by the fetal adrenal gland is 
      important for placental oestrogen production, and may also be important for 
      modulating the effects of glucocorticoids on the developing brain. We have 
      preciously shown that the enzymes and accessory proteins needed for DHEA 
      synthesis-cytochrome P450 enzyme 17alpha-hydroxylase/17,20 lyase (P450c17), 
      cytochrome-b5 (Cytb5), 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3betaHSD)-are expressed in 
      the adrenal gland from 30 days gestation, and DHEA, cortisol and aldosterone are 
      present in fetal plasma from this time. Explant culture of fetal adrenal tissue 
      showed that the spiny mouse adrenal gland, can synthesize and secrete DHEA from 
      at least 0.75 of gestation, and suggest that DHEA may have an important role(s) 
      in placental biosynthesis of oestrogens and in modulating the actions of 
      glucocorticoids in the developing brain in this species. Post-natally, increased 
      immuno-expression of P450c17 and Cytb5 expression in the zona reticularis of the 
      adrenal gland and a significant increase in the synthesis and secretion of DHEA 
      in plasma from 8 to 20 days of age in the spiny mouse, are representative of a 
      period of high adrenal androgen production consistent with the human phenomenon 
      of adrenarche. The studies summarised in this review also show that DHEA is 
      produced de novo in the developing brain of the spiny mouse. These results showed 
      that the spiny mouse brain can indeed produce DHEA from pregnenolone in a 
      time-dependant manner, and coupled with the identification of P450c17 and Cytb5 
      protein in several regions of the brain, support the idea that DHEA is an 
      endogenous neuro-active steroid in this species. Together, the studies outlined 
      in this review indicate that the androgen DHEA is an important hormone of adrenal 
      and Central Nervous System (CNS) origin in the fetal and postnatal spiny mouse. 
      Disturbance of the development of these fetal tissues, and/or of the relationship 
      between the fetal adrenal gland and placenta during pregnancy, may have 
      significant consequences for fetal development, placental function, and 
      maturation of the brain. It is proposed that such disturbances of normal adrenal 
      function could account for some of the neuropathologies that arise in juvenile 
      and adult offspring following illness and stress experienced by the mother during 
      pregnancy.
CI  - Crown Copyright (c) 2015. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
FAU - Quinn, Tracey A
AU  - Quinn TA
AD  - The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Australia; Department 
      of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Clayton 
      3168, Australia.
FAU - Ratnayake, Udani
AU  - Ratnayake U
AD  - The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Australia; The Florey 
      Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne University, Australia.
FAU - Dickinson, Hayley
AU  - Dickinson H
AD  - The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Australia; Department 
      of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Clayton 
      3168, Australia.
FAU - Castillo-Melendez, Margie
AU  - Castillo-Melendez M
AD  - The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Australia; Department 
      of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Clayton 
      3168, Australia; The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, 
      Melbourne University, Australia.
FAU - Walker, David W
AU  - Walker DW
AD  - The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Australia; Department 
      of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Clayton 
      3168, Australia. Electronic address: david.walker@hudson.org.au.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20151017
PL  - England
TA  - J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol
JT  - The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology
JID - 9015483
RN  - 459AG36T1B (Dehydroepiandrosterone)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adrenal Glands/embryology/growth & development/metabolism
MH  - Animals
MH  - Brain/*embryology/growth & development/metabolism
MH  - Dehydroepiandrosterone/*metabolism
MH  - Female
MH  - Fetal Development
MH  - Humans
MH  - Mice
MH  - Placenta/*metabolism
MH  - Pregnancy
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Adrenal gland
OT  - Brain
OT  - Cytochrome b5
OT  - DHEA
OT  - Estrogen
OT  - Feto-placental unit
OT  - Fetus
OT  - Glucocorticoid receptor
OT  - Glucocorticoids
OT  - P450c17
OT  - Primates
OT  - Spiny mouse
EDAT- 2015/10/21 06:00
MHDA- 2019/03/21 06:00
CRDT- 2015/10/21 06:00
PHST- 2015/07/06 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2015/09/28 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2015/09/29 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2015/10/21 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2015/10/21 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2019/03/21 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0960-0760(15)30101-1 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2015.09.044 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2016 Jun;160:204-13. doi: 
      10.1016/j.jsbmb.2015.09.044. Epub 2015 Oct 17.