PMID- 26489853
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20160908
LR  - 20231213
IS  - 2045-2322 (Electronic)
IS  - 2045-2322 (Linking)
VI  - 5
DP  - 2015 Oct 22
TI  - Metabolomics reveals metabolic changes in male reproductive cells exposed to 
      thirdhand smoke.
PG  - 15512
LID - 10.1038/srep15512 [doi]
LID - 15512
AB  - Thirdhand smoke (THS) is a new term for the toxins in cigarette smoke that linger 
      in the environment long after the cigarettes are extinguished. The effects of THS 
      exposure on male reproduction have not yet been studied. In this study, metabolic 
      changes in male germ cell lines (GC-2 and TM-4) were analyzed after THS treatment 
      for 24 h. THS-loaded chromatography paper samples were generated in a laboratory 
      chamber system and extracted in DMEM. At a paper: DMEM ratio of 50 mug/ml, cell 
      viability in both cell lines was normal, as measured by the MTT assay and markers 
      of cytotoxicity, cell cycle, apoptosis and ROS production were normal as measured 
      by quantitative immunofluorescence. Metabolomic analysis was performed on 
      methanol extracts of GC-2 and TM-4 cells. Glutathione metabolism in GC-2 cells, 
      and nucleic acid and ammonia metabolism in TM-4 cells, was changed significantly 
      by THS treatment. RT-PCR analyses of mRNA for enzyme genes Gss and Ggt in GC-2 
      cells, and TK, SMS and Glna in TM-4 cells reinforced these findings, showing 
      changes in the levels of enzymes involved in the relevant pathways. In 
      conclusion, exposure to THS at very low concentrations caused distinct metabolic 
      changes in two different types of male reproductive cell lines.
FAU - Xu, Bo
AU  - Xu B
AD  - State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing 
      Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
AD  - Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public 
      Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
FAU - Chen, Minjian
AU  - Chen M
AD  - State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing 
      Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
AD  - Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public 
      Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
FAU - Yao, Mengmeng
AU  - Yao M
AD  - State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing 
      Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
AD  - Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public 
      Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
FAU - Ji, Xiaoli
AU  - Ji X
AD  - State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing 
      Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
AD  - Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public 
      Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
FAU - Mao, Zhilei
AU  - Mao Z
AD  - State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing 
      Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
AD  - Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public 
      Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
FAU - Tang, Wei
AU  - Tang W
AD  - Department of Endocrinology, Jiangsu Province Official Hospital, Nanjing Medical 
      University, Nanjing 210024, China.
FAU - Qiao, Shanlei
AU  - Qiao S
AD  - State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing 
      Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
AD  - Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public 
      Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
FAU - Schick, Suzaynn F
AU  - Schick SF
AD  - Department of Medicine, Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 
      University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
FAU - Mao, Jian-Hua
AU  - Mao JH
AD  - Department of Cancer &DNA Damage Responses, Life Sciences Division, Lawrence 
      Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
FAU - Hang, Bo
AU  - Hang B
AD  - Department of Cancer &DNA Damage Responses, Life Sciences Division, Lawrence 
      Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
FAU - Xia, Yankai
AU  - Xia Y
AD  - State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing 
      Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
AD  - Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public 
      Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20151022
PL  - England
TA  - Sci Rep
JT  - Scientific reports
JID - 101563288
RN  - 0 (Biomarkers)
RN  - 0 (RNA, Messenger)
RN  - 6M3C89ZY6R (Nicotine)
RN  - GAN16C9B8O (Glutathione)
SB  - IM
EIN - Sci Rep. 2016;6:23849. PMID: 27072199
MH  - Apoptosis/*drug effects
MH  - Biomarkers/metabolism
MH  - Cell Survival/drug effects
MH  - Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects
MH  - Germ Cells/*drug effects
MH  - Glutathione/metabolism
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Metabolomics
MH  - Nicotine/toxicity
MH  - RNA, Messenger/biosynthesis/genetics
MH  - Smoking/adverse effects
MH  - Nicotiana/*toxicity
PMC - PMC4614949
EDAT- 2015/10/23 06:00
MHDA- 2016/09/09 06:00
PMCR- 2015/10/22
CRDT- 2015/10/23 06:00
PHST- 2015/03/25 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2015/09/24 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2015/10/23 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2015/10/23 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2016/09/09 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2015/10/22 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - srep15512 [pii]
AID - 10.1038/srep15512 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Sci Rep. 2015 Oct 22;5:15512. doi: 10.1038/srep15512.