PMID- 26518460
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20160914
LR  - 20220408
IS  - 1873-7544 (Electronic)
IS  - 0306-4522 (Linking)
VI  - 311
DP  - 2015 Dec 17
TI  - Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation enhances spatial learning and 
      synaptic plasticity via the VEGF and BDNF-NMDAR pathways in a rat model of 
      vascular dementia.
PG  - 284-91
LID - S0306-4522(15)00957-4 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.10.038 [doi]
AB  - This study aimed to evaluate the effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic 
      stimulation (rTMS) on learning and memory in a rat model of vascular dementia 
      (VaD) and to analyze the associated mechanisms. Bilateral carotid artery 
      occlusion (2-VO) was used to establish a rat model of VaD. High-frequency (5Hz) 
      rTMS was performed on rats for four weeks. Spatial learning and memory abilities 
      were evaluated using the Morris water maze (MWM), and synaptic plasticity in the 
      hippocampus was assessed via long-term potentiation (LTP). Hippocampal expression 
      of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), brain-derived neurotrophic factor 
      (BDNF) and three subunits of the N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor (NMDAR), NR1, 
      NR2A and NR2B, was analyzed by Western blotting. Compared with the VaD group, 
      escape latency was decreased (P<0.05) and the time spent in the target quadrant 
      and the percentage of swimming distance within that quadrant were increased 
      (P<0.05) in the rTMS group. LTP at hippocampal CA3-CA1 synapses was enhanced by 
      rTMS (P<0.05). VEGF expression was up-regulated following 2-VO and was further 
      increased by rTMS (P<0.05). BDNF, NR1 and NR2B expression was decreased in the 
      VaD group and increased by rTMS (P<0.05). There were no significant differences 
      in NR2A expression among the three groups. These results suggest that rTMS 
      improved learning and memory in the VaD model rats via the up-regulation of VEGF, 
      BDNF and NMDARs. In addition, NR2B may be more important than NR2A for LTP 
      induction in the hippocampus during rTMS treatment of VaD.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2015 IBRO. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
FAU - Zhang, N
AU  - Zhang N
AD  - Department of Neurology, Key Laboratory of Post-Traumatic Neuro-Repair and 
      Regeneration in the Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key 
      Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of the Nervous System, 
      Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 
      Tianjin, China.
FAU - Xing, M
AU  - Xing M
AD  - Department of Neurology, Key Laboratory of Post-Traumatic Neuro-Repair and 
      Regeneration in the Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key 
      Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of the Nervous System, 
      Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 
      Tianjin, China.
FAU - Wang, Y
AU  - Wang Y
AD  - Department of Neurology, Tianjin Haihe Hospital, Tianjin, China.
FAU - Tao, H
AU  - Tao H
AD  - Department of Neurology, Key Laboratory of Post-Traumatic Neuro-Repair and 
      Regeneration in the Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key 
      Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of the Nervous System, 
      Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 
      Tianjin, China.
FAU - Cheng, Y
AU  - Cheng Y
AD  - Department of Neurology, Key Laboratory of Post-Traumatic Neuro-Repair and 
      Regeneration in the Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key 
      Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of the Nervous System, 
      Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 
      Tianjin, China. Electronic address: cy_lfl@163.com.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20151027
PL  - United States
TA  - Neuroscience
JT  - Neuroscience
JID - 7605074
RN  - 0 (Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor)
RN  - 0 (NR1 NMDA receptor)
RN  - 0 (NR2B NMDA receptor)
RN  - 0 (Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate)
RN  - 0 (Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A)
RN  - 0 (vascular endothelial growth factor A, rat)
RN  - VH92ICR8HX (N-methyl D-aspartate receptor subtype 2A)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor/metabolism
MH  - Dementia, Vascular/*physiopathology/psychology/*therapy
MH  - Disease Models, Animal
MH  - Hippocampus/physiopathology
MH  - Long-Term Potentiation/*physiology
MH  - Male
MH  - Maze Learning/physiology
MH  - Rats, Sprague-Dawley
MH  - Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate/metabolism
MH  - Signal Transduction/physiology
MH  - Spatial Learning/*physiology
MH  - Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation/*methods
MH  - Treatment Outcome
MH  - Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/metabolism
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - BDNF
OT  - N-methyl-d-aspartic acid receptor
OT  - VEGF
OT  - long-term potentiation
OT  - repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation
OT  - vascular dementia
EDAT- 2015/11/01 06:00
MHDA- 2016/09/15 06:00
CRDT- 2015/11/01 06:00
PHST- 2015/07/17 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2015/09/22 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2015/10/21 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2015/11/01 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2015/11/01 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2016/09/15 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0306-4522(15)00957-4 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.10.038 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Neuroscience. 2015 Dec 17;311:284-91. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.10.038. 
      Epub 2015 Oct 27.