PMID- 26519656
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20170104
LR  - 20220331
IS  - 1527-3792 (Electronic)
IS  - 0022-5347 (Linking)
VI  - 195
IP  - 4 Pt 1
DP  - 2016 Apr
TI  - Inhibition of High Basal Level of Autophagy Induces Apoptosis in Human Bladder 
      Cancer Cells.
PG  - 1126-35
LID - S0022-5347(15)05148-4 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.juro.2015.10.128 [doi]
AB  - PURPOSE: Cancer cells adapt to stress by activation of the autophagy pathway 
      primed for survival. A high basal level of autophagic activity was found in human 
      bladder cancer cell lines. We studied the significance of the phenomenon on 
      cancer cell survival. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The immortalized human bladder 
      epithelial cell line SV-HUC-1 and the human bladder cancer cell lines RT-4 and 
      5637 together with human bladder cancer specimens collected from patients were 
      used. A commercially available bladder cancer microarray was applied to confirm 
      the findings. LC3 (light chain-3) II protein detection was done to determine the 
      presence of autophagy. Caspase 3 and DNA fragmentation was performed to detect 
      apoptosis. RESULTS: Bladder cancer cell lines showed activated autophagic flux 
      compared to SV-HUC-1 cells, prostate cancer cells and breast cancer cells. 
      Results were confirmed in human bladder cancer specimens. Autophagy inhibition by 
      Baf (bafilomycin) A1, or by knockdown of ATG (autophagy related protein) 7 or 
      12 induced cytotoxicity in multiple human bladder cell lines. Induction of 
      apoptosis was found in cells with autophagy inhibition. Although the disruption 
      of mitochondria membrane potential or the generation of reactive oxygen species 
      was detected in Baf A1 treated cells, intensity was mild and not thought to be 
      related to apoptosis of bladder cancer cells. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate 
      that autophagy is required for the growth and survival of human bladder cancer 
      cells.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2016 American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc. 
      Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
FAU - Lin, Yi-Chia
AU  - Lin YC
AD  - Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Shin-Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, 
      Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China; School of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic 
      University, New Taipei City, Taiwan, Republic of China.
FAU - Lin, Ji-Fan
AU  - Lin JF
AD  - Central Laboratory, Shin-Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, 
      Republic of China.
FAU - Wen, Sheng-I
AU  - Wen SI
AD  - Central Laboratory, Shin-Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, 
      Republic of China.
FAU - Yang, Shan-Che
AU  - Yang SC
AD  - Central Laboratory, Shin-Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, 
      Republic of China.
FAU - Tsai, Te-Fu
AU  - Tsai TF
AD  - Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Shin-Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, 
      Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China; School of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic 
      University, New Taipei City, Taiwan, Republic of China.
FAU - Chen, Hung-En
AU  - Chen HE
AD  - Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Shin-Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, 
      Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.
FAU - Chou, Kuang-Yu
AU  - Chou KY
AD  - Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Shin-Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, 
      Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China; School of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic 
      University, New Taipei City, Taiwan, Republic of China.
FAU - Hwang, Thomas I-Sheng
AU  - Hwang TI
AD  - Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Shin-Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, 
      Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China; Department of Urology, Taipei Medical 
      University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China; School of Medicine, Fu-Jen 
      Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan, Republic of China. Electronic 
      address: thomashwang0820@gmail.com.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20151028
PL  - United States
TA  - J Urol
JT  - The Journal of urology
JID - 0376374
RN  - 0 (Macrolides)
RN  - 88899-55-2 (bafilomycin A1)
SB  - IM
MH  - Aged
MH  - Aged, 80 and over
MH  - Apoptosis/*drug effects
MH  - Autophagy/*drug effects
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Macrolides/*pharmacology
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Tumor Cells, Cultured
MH  - Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/*pathology
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - apoptosis
OT  - autophagy
OT  - bafilomycin A1
OT  - cell survival
OT  - urinary bladder neoplasms
EDAT- 2015/11/01 06:00
MHDA- 2017/01/05 06:00
CRDT- 2015/11/01 06:00
PHST- 2015/10/16 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2015/11/01 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2015/11/01 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/01/05 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0022-5347(15)05148-4 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.juro.2015.10.128 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Urol. 2016 Apr;195(4 Pt 1):1126-35. doi: 10.1016/j.juro.2015.10.128. Epub 2015 
      Oct 28.