PMID- 26521178
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20161013
LR  - 20191210
IS  - 1618-2650 (Electronic)
IS  - 1618-2642 (Linking)
VI  - 408
IP  - 2
DP  - 2016 Jan
TI  - Evaluation of drug incorporation into hair segments and nails by enantiomeric 
      analysis following controlled single MDMA intakes.
PG  - 545-56
LID - 10.1007/s00216-015-9130-3 [doi]
AB  - Incorporation rates of the enantiomers of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine 
      (MDMA) and its metabolite 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA) into hair and nails 
      were investigated after controlled administration. Fifteen subjects without MDMA 
      use received two doses of 125 mg of MDMA. Hair, nail scrapings, and nail 
      clippings were collected 9-77 days after the last administration (median 
      20 days). Hair samples were analyzed in segments of 1- to 2-cm length. After 
      chiral derivatization with N-(2,4-dinitro-5-fluorophenyl)-L-valinamide, MDMA and 
      MDA diastereomers were analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass 
      spectrometry. Highest concentrations in hair segments corresponded to the time of 
      MDMA intake. They ranged from 101 to 3200 pg/mg and 71 to 860 pg/mg for R- and 
      S-MDMA, and from 3.2 to 116 pg/mg and 4.4 to 108 pg/mg for R- and S-MDA, 
      respectively. MDMA and MDA concentrations in nail scrapings and clippings were 
      significantly lower than in hair samples. There was no significant difference 
      between enantiomeric ratios of R/S-MDMA and R/S-MDA in hair and nail samples 
      (medians 2.2-2.4 for MDMA and 0.85-0.95 for MDA). Metabolite ratios of MDA to 
      MDMA were in the same range in hair and nail samples (medians 0.044-0.055). Our 
      study demonstrates that administration of two representative doses of MDMA was 
      detected in the hair segments corresponding to the time of intake based on 
      average hair growth rates. MDMA was detected in all nail samples regardless of 
      time passed after intake. Comparable R/S ratios in hair and nail samples may 
      indicate that incorporation mechanisms into both matrices are comparable.
FAU - Madry, Milena M
AU  - Madry MM
AD  - Zurich Institute of Forensic Medicine, Center for Forensic Hairanalytics, 
      University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland.
FAU - Steuer, Andrea E
AU  - Steuer AE
AD  - Zurich Institute of Forensic Medicine, Forensic Pharmacology and Toxicology, 
      University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190/52, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland.
FAU - Hysek, Cedric M
AU  - Hysek CM
AD  - Psychopharmacology Research, Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, 
      Department of Biomedicine and Department of Clinical Research, University 
      Hospital Basel, Hebelstrasse 2, 4031, Basel, Switzerland.
FAU - Liechti, Matthias E
AU  - Liechti ME
AD  - Psychopharmacology Research, Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, 
      Department of Biomedicine and Department of Clinical Research, University 
      Hospital Basel, Hebelstrasse 2, 4031, Basel, Switzerland.
FAU - Baumgartner, Markus R
AU  - Baumgartner MR
AD  - Zurich Institute of Forensic Medicine, Center for Forensic Hairanalytics, 
      University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland.
FAU - Kraemer, Thomas
AU  - Kraemer T
AD  - Zurich Institute of Forensic Medicine, Forensic Pharmacology and Toxicology, 
      University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190/52, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland. 
      thomas.kraemer@irm.uzh.ch.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Randomized Controlled Trial
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20151031
PL  - Germany
TA  - Anal Bioanal Chem
JT  - Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry
JID - 101134327
RN  - 0 (Illicit Drugs)
RN  - 4764-17-4 (3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine)
RN  - KE1SEN21RM (N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine)
SB  - IM
MH  - 3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine/chemistry/metabolism
MH  - Hair/*chemistry/metabolism
MH  - Humans
MH  - Illicit Drugs/*chemistry/metabolism
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine/administration & 
      dosage/*chemistry/metabolism
MH  - Nails/*chemistry/metabolism
MH  - Stereoisomerism
MH  - Substance Abuse Detection/*methods
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Controlled administration
OT  - Hair analysis
OT  - MDMA enantiomers
OT  - Nail analysis
OT  - Single intake
EDAT- 2015/11/02 06:00
MHDA- 2016/10/14 06:00
CRDT- 2015/11/02 06:00
PHST- 2015/09/11 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2015/10/16 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2015/10/13 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2015/11/02 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2015/11/02 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2016/10/14 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1007/s00216-015-9130-3 [pii]
AID - 10.1007/s00216-015-9130-3 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Anal Bioanal Chem. 2016 Jan;408(2):545-56. doi: 10.1007/s00216-015-9130-3. Epub 
      2015 Oct 31.