PMID- 26539257
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
DCOM- 20151105
LR  - 20200930
IS  - 2005-3711 (Print)
IS  - 1598-7876 (Electronic)
IS  - 1225-8245 (Linking)
VI  - 58
IP  - 3
DP  - 2015 Sep
TI  - Role of a Burr Hole and Calvarial Bone Marrow-Derived Stem Cells in the Ischemic 
      Rat Brain: A Possible Mechanism for the Efficacy of Multiple Burr Hole Surgery in 
      Moyamoya Disease.
PG  - 167-74
LID - 10.3340/jkns.2015.58.3.167 [doi]
AB  - OBJECTIVE: This study investigates the role of a burr hole and calvarial bone 
      marrow-derived stem cells (BMSCs) in a transient ischemic brain injury model in 
      the rat and postulates a possible mechanism for the efficacy of multiple cranial 
      burr hole (MCBH) surgery in moyamoya disease (MMD). METHODS: Twenty 
      Sprague-Dawley rats (250 g, male) were divided into four groups : normal control 
      group (n=5), burr hole group (n=5), ischemia group (n=5), and ischemia+burr hole 
      group (n=5). Focal ischemia was induced by the transient middle cerebral artery 
      occlusion (MCAO). At one week after the ischemic injury, a 2 mm-sized cranial 
      burr hole with small cortical incision was made on the ipsilateral (left) 
      parietal area. Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU, 50 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally, 
      2 times a day for 6 days after the burr hole trephination. At one week after the 
      burr hole trephination, brains were harvested. Immunohistochemical stainings for 
      BrdU, CD34, VEGF, and Doublecortin and Nestin were done. RESULTS: In the 
      ischemia+burr hole group, BrdU (+), CD34 (+), and Doublecortin (+) cells were 
      found in the cortical incision site below the burr hole. A number of cells with 
      Nestin (+) or VEGF (+) were found in the cerebral parenchyma around the cortical 
      incision site. In the other groups, BrdU (+), CD34 (+), Doublecortin (+), and 
      Nestin (+) cells were not detected in the corresponding area. These findings 
      suggest that BrdU (+) and CD34 (+) cells are bone marrow-derived stem cells, 
      which may be derived from the calvarial bone marrow through the burr hole. The 
      existence of CD34 (+) and VEGF (+) cells indicates increased angiogenesis, while 
      the existence of Doublecortin (+), Nestin (+) cells indicates increased 
      neurogenesis. CONCLUSION: Based on these findings, the BMSCs through burr holes 
      seem to play an important role for the therapeutic effect of the MCBH surgery in 
      MMD.
FAU - Nam, Taek-Kyun
AU  - Nam TK
AD  - Department of Neurosurgery, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, 
      Korea.
FAU - Park, Seung-Won
AU  - Park SW
AD  - Department of Neurosurgery, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, 
      Korea.
FAU - Park, Yong-Sook
AU  - Park YS
AD  - Department of Neurosurgery, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, 
      Korea.
FAU - Kwon, Jeong-Taik
AU  - Kwon JT
AD  - Department of Neurosurgery, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, 
      Korea.
FAU - Min, Byung-Kook
AU  - Min BK
AD  - Department of Neurosurgery, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, 
      Korea.
FAU - Hwang, Sung-Nam
AU  - Hwang SN
AD  - Department of Neurosurgery, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, 
      Korea.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20150930
PL  - Korea (South)
TA  - J Korean Neurosurg Soc
JT  - Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
JID - 101467054
PMC - PMC4630345
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Angiogenesis
OT  - Bone marrow
OT  - Burr hole
OT  - Moyamoya disease
OT  - Neurogenesis
OT  - Stem cell
EDAT- 2015/11/06 06:00
MHDA- 2015/11/06 06:01
PMCR- 2015/09/01
CRDT- 2015/11/06 06:00
PHST- 2015/03/08 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2015/03/18 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2015/06/11 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2015/11/06 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2015/11/06 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2015/11/06 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2015/09/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.3340/jkns.2015.58.3.167 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Korean Neurosurg Soc. 2015 Sep;58(3):167-74. doi: 10.3340/jkns.2015.58.3.167. 
      Epub 2015 Sep 30.