PMID- 26545272
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20170208
LR  - 20170208
IS  - 0363-6771 (Print)
IS  - 0363-6771 (Linking)
VI  - 63
IP  - 6
DP  - 2015 Nov-Dec
TI  - Effects of various mouthpieces on respiratory physiology during steady-state 
      exercise in college-aged subjects.
PG  - 30-4
AB  - Protective mouthpieces have been used in a variety of sports to decrease the risk 
      of orofacial injury. There are limited data to suggest that mouthpiece use during 
      exercise may also provide an ergogenic effect. The aim of the present study was 
      to investigate the effects of 3 different mouthpiece designs-boil-and-bite (BB) 
      mouthpiece, ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) custom mandibular mouthpiece, and 
      polypropylene (Poly) custom mandibular mouthpiece-on respiratory physiology 
      parameters and compare them with results of a no-mouthpiece (NM) condition. 
      Sixteen college-aged, recreationally fit subjects ran for 10 minutes in 4 
      separate trials; mouthpiece conditions were randomly assigned to each trial for 
      all subjects. Respiratory and cardiorespiratory measures, including oxygen 
      uptake, carbon dioxide exhalation, ventilation, heart rate, tidal volume, and 
      respiratory rate (RR), were assessed throughout testing. A repeated-measures 
      analysis of variance indicated that RR was significantly lower (P = 0.04) in the 
      BB mouthpiece condition (27.92 breaths per minute [BPM]) than in the NM condition 
      (30.63 BPM). In paired t tests between conditions, the RR demonstrated in the BB 
      condition (27.92 BPM) was significantly lower (P = 0.04) than that of each other 
      condition (NM, 30.63 BPM; EVA, 29.92 BPM; and Poly, 29.92 BPM). The outcomes of 
      the present study demonstrate that the use of the BB mouthpiece decreased RR 
      during exercise. The differences cited between conditions may be attributed to 
      the design of the mouthpiece and its mandibular placement as well as the activity 
      of the genioglossus muscle. However, future studies should assess these 
      parameters to determine the plausibility of these theories.
FAU - Garner, Dena P
AU  - Garner DP
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Randomized Controlled Trial
PL  - United States
TA  - Gen Dent
JT  - General dentistry
JID - 7610466
EIN - Gen Dent. 2016 Jan-Feb;64(1):79. PMID: 26742175
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Exercise/*physiology
MH  - Heart Rate/physiology
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Mouth Protectors/adverse effects
MH  - Oxygen Consumption
MH  - Pulmonary Ventilation/physiology
MH  - *Respiratory Physiological Phenomena
MH  - Respiratory Rate/physiology
MH  - Tidal Volume/physiology
MH  - Young Adult
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - exercise
OT  - mouthpiece
OT  - respiratory rate
OT  - ventilation
EDAT- 2015/11/07 06:00
MHDA- 2017/02/09 06:00
CRDT- 2015/11/07 06:00
PHST- 2015/11/07 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2015/11/07 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/02/09 06:00 [medline]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Gen Dent. 2015 Nov-Dec;63(6):30-4.