PMID- 26555428
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20161019
LR  - 20181113
IS  - 1873-3360 (Electronic)
IS  - 0306-4530 (Print)
IS  - 0306-4530 (Linking)
VI  - 63
DP  - 2016 Jan
TI  - Intensity of anxiety is modified via complex integrative stress circuitries.
PG  - 351-61
LID - S0306-4530(15)00964-6 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2015.10.016 [doi]
AB  - Escalation of anxious behavior while environmentally and socially relevant 
      contextual events amplify the intensity of emotional response produces a testable 
      gradient of anxiety shaped by integrative circuitries. Apprehension of the 
      Stress-Alternatives Model apparatus (SAM) oval open field (OF) is measured by the 
      active latency to escape, and is delayed by unfamiliarity with the passageway. 
      Familiar OF escape is the least anxious behavior along the continuum, which can 
      be reduced by anxiolytics such as icv neuropeptide S (NPS). Social aggression 
      increases anxiousness in the SAM, reducing the number of mice willing to escape 
      by 50%. The apprehension accompanying escape during social aggression is 
      diminished by anxiolytics, such as exercise and corticotropin releasing-factor 
      receptor 1 (CRF1) antagonism, but exacerbated by anxiogenic treatment, like 
      antagonism of alpha2-adrenoreceptors. What is more, the anxiolytic CRF1 and 
      anxiogenic alpha2-adrenoreceptor antagonists also modify behavioral phenotypes, with 
      CRF1 antagonism allowing escape by previously submissive animals, and 
      alpha2-adrenoreceptor antagonism hindering escape in mice that previously engaged in 
      it. Gene expression of NPS and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the 
      central amygdala (CeA), as well as corticosterone secretion, increased 
      concomitantly with the escalating anxious content of the mouse-specific anxiety 
      continuum. The general trend of CeA NPS and BDNF expression suggested that NPS 
      production was promoted by increasing anxiousness, and that BDNF synthesis was 
      associated with learning about ever-more anxious conditions. The intensity 
      gradient for anxious behavior resulting from varying contextual conditions may 
      yield an improved conceptualization of the complexity of mechanisms producing the 
      natural continuum of human anxious conditions, and potential therapies that arise 
      therefrom.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
FAU - Smith, Justin P
AU  - Smith JP
AD  - Department of Biology, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD 57069, USA; 
      Neuroscience Group, Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of 
      Medicine, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD 57069, USA; Veterans Affairs 
      Research Service, Sioux Falls VA Health Care System, Sioux Falls, SD 57105, USA; 
      Institute of Possibility, 322 E. 8th Street, Suite 302, Sioux Falls, SD 57103, 
      USA; Sanford Health, 2301 E. 60th St. N., Sioux Falls, SD 57104, USA.
FAU - Prince, Melissa A
AU  - Prince MA
AD  - Department of Biology, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD 57069, USA; 
      Neuroscience Group, Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of 
      Medicine, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD 57069, USA.
FAU - Achua, Justin K
AU  - Achua JK
AD  - Department of Biology, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD 57069, USA; 
      Neuroscience Group, Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of 
      Medicine, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD 57069, USA; Veterans Affairs 
      Research Service, Sioux Falls VA Health Care System, Sioux Falls, SD 57105, USA.
FAU - Robertson, James M
AU  - Robertson JM
AD  - Department of Biology, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD 57069, USA; 
      Neuroscience Group, Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of 
      Medicine, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD 57069, USA.
FAU - Anderson, Raymond T
AU  - Anderson RT
AD  - Department of Biology, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD 57069, USA; 
      Department of Biochemistry, West Virginia University School of Medicine, 1 
      Medical Center Dr., Morgantown, WV 26506, USA.
FAU - Ronan, Patrick J
AU  - Ronan PJ
AD  - Neuroscience Group, Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of 
      Medicine, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD 57069, USA; Veterans Affairs 
      Research Service, Sioux Falls VA Health Care System, Sioux Falls, SD 57105, USA; 
      Avera Research Institute, Avera McKennan Hospital & University Health Center, 
      Sioux Falls, SD 57105, USA; Laboratory for Clinical and Translational Research in 
      Psychiatry, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Denver, CO 80220, USA; 
      Department of Psychiatry, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, 
      Vermillion, SD 57069, USA.
FAU - Summers, Cliff H
AU  - Summers CH
AD  - Department of Biology, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD 57069, USA; 
      Neuroscience Group, Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of 
      Medicine, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD 57069, USA. Electronic 
      address: Cliff@USD.Edu.
LA  - eng
GR  - R15 MH104485/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R15MH104485/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R25 DA033674/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States
GR  - P20 RR015567/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/United States
GR  - P20 RR15567/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20151024
PL  - England
TA  - Psychoneuroendocrinology
JT  - Psychoneuroendocrinology
JID - 7612148
RN  - 0 (Anti-Anxiety Agents)
RN  - 0 (Receptors, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone)
SB  - IM
MH  - Aggression/drug effects/psychology
MH  - Animals
MH  - Anti-Anxiety Agents/pharmacology
MH  - Anxiety/pathology/physiopathology/*psychology
MH  - Behavior, Animal/drug effects
MH  - Escape Reaction/drug effects
MH  - Male
MH  - Mice
MH  - Mice, Inbred C57BL
MH  - Mice, Inbred ICR
MH  - Nerve Net/drug effects/metabolism/*physiopathology
MH  - Physical Conditioning, Animal/physiology
MH  - Receptors, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone/antagonists & inhibitors
MH  - Severity of Illness Index
MH  - Stress, Psychological/pathology/physiopathology/*psychology
PMC - PMC4838407
MID - NIHMS736636
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - CRF(1) receptors
OT  - Continuum
OT  - Exercise
OT  - Gradient
OT  - NPS
OT  - alpha(2) receptors
EDAT- 2015/11/12 06:00
MHDA- 2016/11/12 06:00
PMCR- 2017/01/01
CRDT- 2015/11/12 06:00
PHST- 2015/07/07 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2015/09/10 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2015/10/19 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2015/11/12 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2015/11/12 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2016/11/12 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2017/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - S0306-4530(15)00964-6 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2015.10.016 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2016 Jan;63:351-61. doi: 
      10.1016/j.psyneuen.2015.10.016. Epub 2015 Oct 24.