PMID- 26558466
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20160822
LR  - 20151112
IS  - 1880-3989 (Electronic)
IS  - 0388-1350 (Linking)
VI  - 40
IP  - 6
DP  - 2015 Dec
TI  - Unsaturated fatty acids show clear elicitation responses in a modified local 
      lymph node assay with an elicitation phase, and test positive in the direct 
      peptide reactivity assay.
PG  - 843-53
LID - 10.2131/jts.40.843 [doi]
AB  - The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Test Guidelines 
      (TG) adopted the murine local lymph node assay (LLNA) and guinea pig maximization 
      test (GPMT) as stand-alone skin sensitization test methods. However, unsaturated 
      carbon-carbon double-bond and/or lipid acids afforded false-positive results more 
      frequently in the LLNA compared to those in the GPMT and/or in human subjects. In 
      the current study, oleic, linoleic, linolenic, undecylenic, fumaric, maleic, and 
      succinic acid and squalene were tested in a modified LLNA with an elicitation 
      phase (LLNA:DAE), and in a direct peptide reactivity assay (DPRA) to evaluate 
      their skin-sensitizing potential. Oleic, linoleic, linolenic, undecylenic and 
      maleic acid were positive in the LLNA:DAE, of which three, linoleic, linolenic, 
      and maleic acid were positive in the DPRA. Furthermore, the results of the 
      cross-sensitizing tests using four LLNA:DAE-positive chemicals were negative, 
      indicating a chemical-specific elicitation response. In a previous report, the 
      estimated concentration needed to produce a stimulation index of 3 (EC3) of 
      linolenic acid, squalene, and maleic acid in the LLNA was < 10%. Therefore, these 
      chemicals were classified as moderate skin sensitizers in the LLNA. However, the 
      skin-sensitizing potential of all LLNA:DAE-positive chemicals was estimated as 
      weak. These results suggested that oleic, linoleic, linolenic, undecylenic, and 
      maleic acid had skin-sensitizing potential, and that the LLNA overestimated the 
      skin-sensitizing potential compared to that estimated by the LLNA:DAE.
FAU - Yamashita, Kunihiko
AU  - Yamashita K
AD  - Corporate Research Center, Daicel Corporation.
FAU - Shinoda, Shinsuke
AU  - Shinoda S
FAU - Hagiwara, Saori
AU  - Hagiwara S
FAU - Miyazaki, Hiroshi
AU  - Miyazaki H
FAU - Itagaki, Hiroshi
AU  - Itagaki H
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - Japan
TA  - J Toxicol Sci
JT  - The Journal of toxicological sciences
JID - 7805798
RN  - 0 (Fatty Acids, Unsaturated)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - False Positive Reactions
MH  - Fatty Acids, Unsaturated/*immunology
MH  - Female
MH  - Guinea Pigs
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Local Lymph Node Assay
MH  - Mice
MH  - Mice, Inbred CBA
MH  - Skin/*immunology
MH  - Skin Tests/methods
EDAT- 2015/11/13 06:00
MHDA- 2016/08/23 06:00
CRDT- 2015/11/13 06:00
PHST- 2015/11/13 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2015/11/13 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2016/08/23 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.2131/jts.40.843 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Toxicol Sci. 2015 Dec;40(6):843-53. doi: 10.2131/jts.40.843.