PMID- 26568656
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
DCOM- 20151116
LR  - 20220318
IS  - 0918-5739 (Print)
IS  - 1347-7358 (Electronic)
IS  - 0918-5739 (Linking)
VI  - 24
IP  - 4
DP  - 2015 Oct
TI  - The factors affecting on estimation of carbohydrate content of meals in 
      carbohydrate counting.
PG  - 153-65
LID - 10.1297/cpe.24.153 [doi]
AB  - The objective of this study was to identify factors affecting on errors in 
      carbohydrate (CHO) content estimation during CHO counting. Thirty-seven type 1 
      diabetes patients and 22 of their parents and 28 physicians/dieticians were 
      enrolled in this study. CHO counting was counted in "Carb", with 1 Carb defined 
      as 10 g of CHO. To evaluate the accuracy of CHO counting, 80 real-size 
      photographs of cooked meals were presented to the subjects for Carb estimation. 
      Carbs tended to be overestimated for foods containing relatively small amounts of 
      Carbs. On the other hands, Carbs tended to be underestimated for foods with 
      higher than 6 Carbs. Accurate estimation of the Carbs in food containing a large 
      amount of rice was particularly difficult even in the subjects having the CHO 
      counting experience. The Carb contents of high-calorie foods such as meats, fried 
      foods, and desserts tended to be overestimated. This error was smaller in 
      subjects having the CHO counting experience. In conclusion, misunderstanding of 
      high-calorie dishes containing high amounts of CHO was observed in inexperienced 
      subjects, indicating the efficacy of the current methodology of CHO counting. On 
      the other hand it was difficult even for experienced subjects to assess the 
      amount of seasoned rice, suggesting the need for a new methodology for accurate 
      estimation.
FAU - Kawamura, Tomoyuki
AU  - Kawamura T
AD  - Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, 
      Osaka, Japan.
FAU - Takamura, Chihiro
AU  - Takamura C
AD  - Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, 
      Osaka, Japan.
FAU - Hirose, Masakazu
AU  - Hirose M
AD  - Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, 
      Osaka, Japan.
FAU - Hashimoto, Tomomi
AU  - Hashimoto T
AD  - Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, 
      Osaka, Japan.
FAU - Higashide, Takashi
AU  - Higashide T
AD  - Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, 
      Osaka, Japan.
FAU - Kashihara, Yoneo
AU  - Kashihara Y
AD  - Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, 
      Osaka, Japan.
FAU - Hashimura, Kayako
AU  - Hashimura K
AD  - Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, 
      Osaka, Japan.
FAU - Shintaku, Haruo
AU  - Shintaku H
AD  - Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, 
      Osaka, Japan.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20151024
PL  - Japan
TA  - Clin Pediatr Endocrinol
JT  - Clinical pediatric endocrinology : case reports and clinical investigations : 
      official journal of the Japanese Society for Pediatric Endocrinology
JID - 9433330
PMC - PMC4628950
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - carbohydrate counting
OT  - education
OT  - estimation of carbohydrate content
OT  - type 1 diabetes
EDAT- 2015/11/17 06:00
MHDA- 2015/11/17 06:01
PMCR- 2015/10/01
CRDT- 2015/11/17 06:00
PHST- 2015/02/19 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2015/05/01 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2015/11/17 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2015/11/17 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2015/11/17 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2015/10/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 2015-0003 [pii]
AID - 10.1297/cpe.24.153 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Clin Pediatr Endocrinol. 2015 Oct;24(4):153-65. doi: 10.1297/cpe.24.153. Epub 
      2015 Oct 24.