PMID- 26607011 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20160907 LR - 20161126 IS - 0006-3002 (Print) IS - 0006-3002 (Linking) VI - 1858 IP - 3 DP - 2016 Mar TI - Giant MACPF/CDC pore forming toxins: A class of their own. PG - 475-86 LID - S0005-2736(15)00389-2 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.bbamem.2015.11.017 [doi] AB - Pore Forming Toxins (PFTs) represent a key mechanism for permitting the passage of proteins and small molecules across the lipid membrane. These proteins are typically produced as soluble monomers that self-assemble into ring-like oligomeric structures on the membrane surface. Following such assembly PFTs undergo a remarkable conformational change to insert into the lipid membrane. While many different protein families have independently evolved such ability, members of the Membrane Attack Complex PerForin/Cholesterol Dependent Cytolysin (MACPF/CDC) superfamily form distinctive giant beta-barrel pores comprised of up to 50 monomers and up to 300A in diameter. In this review we focus on recent advances in understanding the structure of these giant MACPF/CDC pores as well as the underlying molecular mechanisms leading to their formation. Commonalities and evolved variations of the pore forming mechanism across the superfamily are discussed. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Pore-Forming Toxins edited by Mauro Dalla Serra and Franco Gambale. CI - Copyright (c) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Reboul, Cyril F AU - Reboul CF AD - Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia. FAU - Whisstock, James C AU - Whisstock JC AD - Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia. FAU - Dunstone, Michelle A AU - Dunstone MA AD - Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Review DEP - 20151126 PL - Netherlands TA - Biochim Biophys Acta JT - Biochimica et biophysica acta JID - 0217513 RN - 126465-35-8 (Perforin) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - Cell Membrane/chemistry/*metabolism MH - *Evolution, Molecular MH - Humans MH - Perforin/chemistry/*classification/*metabolism MH - Protein Structure, Secondary MH - Structure-Activity Relationship OTO - NOTNLM OT - CDC OT - MACPF OT - Membrane Attack Complex OT - Perforin OT - Pleurotolysin OT - Pore forming toxin EDAT- 2015/11/27 06:00 MHDA- 2016/09/08 06:00 CRDT- 2015/11/27 06:00 PHST- 2015/07/01 00:00 [received] PHST- 2015/11/16 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2015/11/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2015/11/27 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2015/11/27 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2016/09/08 06:00 [medline] AID - S0005-2736(15)00389-2 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.bbamem.2015.11.017 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Biochim Biophys Acta. 2016 Mar;1858(3):475-86. doi: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2015.11.017. Epub 2015 Nov 26.