PMID- 26636332
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20160627
LR  - 20181113
IS  - 1932-6203 (Electronic)
IS  - 1932-6203 (Linking)
VI  - 10
IP  - 12
DP  - 2015
TI  - Prawn Shell Chitosan Has Anti-Obesogenic Properties, Influencing Both Nutrient 
      Digestibility and Microbial Populations in a Pig Model.
PG  - e0144127
LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0144127 [doi]
LID - e0144127
AB  - The potential of natural products to prevent obesity have been investigated, with 
      evidence to suggest that chitosan has anti-obesity effects. The current 
      experiment investigated the anti-obesity potential of prawn shell derived 
      chitosan on a range of variables relevant to obesity in a pig model. The two 
      dietary treatment groups included in this 63 day study were: T1) basal diet and 
      T2) basal diet plus 1000 ppm chitosan (n = 20 gilts per group (70 +/- 0.90 kg). The 
      parameter categories which were assessed included: performance, nutrient 
      digestibility, serum leptin concentrations, nutrient transporter and digestive 
      enzyme gene expression and gut microbial populations. Pigs offered chitosan had 
      reduced feed intake and final body weight (P< 0.001), lower ileal digestibility 
      of dry matter (DM), gross energy (GE) (P< 0.05) and reduced coefficient of 
      apparent total tract digestibility (CATTD) of gross energy and nitrogen (P<0.05) 
      when compared to the basal group. Fatty acid binding protein 2 (FABP2) gene 
      expression was down-regulated in pigs offered chitosan (P = 0.05) relative to the 
      basal diet. Serum leptin concentrations increased (P< 0.05) in animals offered 
      the chitosan diet compared to pigs offered the basal diet. Fatness traits, 
      back-fat depth (mm), fat content (kg), were significantly reduced while lean meat 
      (%) was increased (P<0.05) in chitosan supplemented pigs. Pigs offered chitosan 
      had decreased numbers of Firmicutes in the colon (P <0.05), and Lactobacillus 
      spp. in both the caecum (P <0.05) and colon (P <0.001). Bifidobacteria 
      populations were increased in the caecum of animals offered the chitosan diet (P 
      <0.05). In conclusion, these findings suggest that prawn shell chitosan has 
      potent anti-obesity/body weight control effects which are mediated through 
      multiple biological systems in vivo.
FAU - Egan, Aine M
AU  - Egan AM
AD  - School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, 
      Dublin, 4, Ireland.
FAU - Sweeney, Torres
AU  - Sweeney T
AD  - School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, 4, 
      Ireland.
FAU - Hayes, Maria
AU  - Hayes M
AD  - Teagasc Food Research Centre, Ashtown, Dublin, 15, Ireland.
FAU - O'Doherty, John V
AU  - O'Doherty JV
AD  - School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, 
      Dublin, 4, Ireland.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20151204
PL  - United States
TA  - PLoS One
JT  - PloS one
JID - 101285081
RN  - 0 (Leptin)
RN  - 9012-76-4 (Chitosan)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animal Shells/*chemistry
MH  - Animals
MH  - Body Weight/drug effects
MH  - Chitosan/*administration & dosage/pharmacology
MH  - Dietary Supplements
MH  - Disease Models, Animal
MH  - Eating/drug effects
MH  - Gastrointestinal Tract/drug effects/*microbiology
MH  - Leptin/blood
MH  - Microbiota/*drug effects
MH  - Nephropidae/anatomy & histology/*chemistry
MH  - Obesity/*prevention & control
MH  - Swine
PMC - PMC4670123
COIS- Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
EDAT- 2015/12/05 06:00
MHDA- 2016/06/28 06:00
PMCR- 2015/12/04
CRDT- 2015/12/05 06:00
PHST- 2015/07/22 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2015/11/14 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2015/12/05 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2015/12/05 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2016/06/28 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2015/12/04 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - PONE-D-15-32199 [pii]
AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0144127 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - PLoS One. 2015 Dec 4;10(12):e0144127. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0144127. 
      eCollection 2015.