PMID- 2663742
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 19890825
LR  - 20071115
IS  - 0172-4622 (Print)
IS  - 0172-4622 (Linking)
VI  - 10 Suppl 1
DP  - 1989 May
TI  - Eating, drinking, and cycling. A controlled Tour de France simulation study, Part 
      II. Effect of diet manipulation.
PG  - S41-8
AB  - Field studies during the Tour de France indicated that cyclists consume 30% of 
      daily energy intake as liquid carbohydrate (CHO)-enriched nutrition with the goal 
      of maintaining energy and CHO balance. The aim of the present investigation was 
      to study the effect of such dietary manipulation during 2 days of long-lasting 
      exhausting cycling on food and fluid intake, energy balance, nitrogen balance, 
      and nutrient oxidation. Thirteen highly trained cyclists were divided into two 
      subgroups receiving ad libitum either a primarily maltodextrin-based beverage 
      (Mf) (20% w/v, 85% maltodextrin, 15% fructose) or a 50/50% composed 
      fructose-maltodextrin (FM) beverage in addition to their normal diet. The study 
      was performed during a 7-day stay in a respiration chamber (2 preparation days, 1 
      standardized resting day, 2 cycling days, 1.5 standardized recovery days), 
      allowing for continuous gas analysis, weighed food and fluid intake procedure, 
      and collection of excretes. The data of this study were compared with data from 
      the same subjects receiving a normal CHO-rich diet (N) (60 En%) in a separate 
      experiment. The results showed that the cyclists receiving Mf were able to 
      maintain EB during sustained exercise days in contrast to when receiving N and to 
      subjects receiving FM. With Mf treatment CHO intake increased, up to 80 En% (17.5 
      +/- 1.0 g.kg-1 BW) and carbohydrate balance remained positive. The subjects 
      receiving FM had the largest CHO oxidation, calculated from R. Protein oxidation 
      significantly increased in N and FM as a result of exercise but not in Mf. The 
      latter subjects were in slightly negative nitrogen balance at a protein intake 
      level of 1.4 g.kg-1 BW.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
FAU - Brouns, F
AU  - Brouns F
AD  - Department of Human Biology, University of Limburg, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
FAU - Saris, W H
AU  - Saris WH
FAU - Stroecken, J
AU  - Stroecken J
FAU - Beckers, E
AU  - Beckers E
FAU - Thijssen, R
AU  - Thijssen R
FAU - Rehrer, N J
AU  - Rehrer NJ
FAU - ten Hoor, F
AU  - ten Hoor F
LA  - eng
PT  - Clinical Trial
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Randomized Controlled Trial
PT  - Review
PL  - Germany
TA  - Int J Sports Med
JT  - International journal of sports medicine
JID - 8008349
RN  - 0 (Dietary Carbohydrates)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - *Bicycling
MH  - Dietary Carbohydrates/metabolism
MH  - *Drinking
MH  - *Eating
MH  - Energy Metabolism
MH  - Evaluation Studies as Topic
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - *Sports
RF  - 29
EDAT- 1989/05/01 00:00
MHDA- 1989/05/01 00:01
CRDT- 1989/05/01 00:00
PHST- 1989/05/01 00:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 1989/05/01 00:01 [medline]
PHST- 1989/05/01 00:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1055/s-2007-1024953 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Int J Sports Med. 1989 May;10 Suppl 1:S41-8. doi: 10.1055/s-2007-1024953.