PMID- 26654830
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20160725
LR  - 20181202
IS  - 1873-3778 (Electronic)
IS  - 0021-9673 (Linking)
VI  - 1426
DP  - 2015 Dec 24
TI  - A sensitive and efficient method for routine pesticide multiresidue analysis in 
      bee pollen samples using gas and liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass 
      spectrometry.
PG  - 161-73
LID - S0021-9673(15)01743-4 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.11.081 [doi]
AB  - Several clean-up methods were evaluated for 253 pesticides in pollen samples 
      concentrating on efficient clean-up and the highest number of pesticides 
      satisfying the recovery and precision criteria. These were: (a) modified QuEChERS 
      using dSPE with PSA+C18; (b) freeze-out prior to QuEChERS using dSPE with 
      PSA+C18; (c) freeze-out prior to QuEChERS using dSPE with PSA+C18+Z-Sep; and (d) 
      freeze-out followed by QuEChERS using dSPE with PSA+C18 and SPE with Z-Sep. 
      Determinations were made using LC-MS/MS and GC-MS/MS. The modified QuEChERS 
      protocol applying a freeze-out followed by dSPE with PSA+C18 and SPE clean-up 
      with Z-Sep was selected because it provided the highest number of pesticides with 
      mean recoveries in the 70-120% range, as well as relative standard deviations 
      (RSDs) typically below 20% (12.2% on average) and ensured much better removal of 
      co-extracted matrix compounds of paramount importance in routine analysis. Limits 
      of quantification at levels as low as 5mugkg(-1) were obtained for the majority of 
      the pesticides. The proposed methodology was applied to the analysis of 41 pollen 
      bee samples from different areas in Spain. Pesticides considered potentially 
      toxic to bees (DL50<2mug/bee) were detected in some samples with concentrations up 
      to 72.7mugkg(-1), which could negatively affect honeybee health.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
FAU - Vazquez, P Parrilla
AU  - Vazquez PP
AD  - Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), European Union Reference 
      Laboratory for Pesticide Residues in Fruit & Vegetables, Department of Chemistry 
      and Physics, University of Almeria, La Canada de San Urbano, 04120 Almeria, 
      Spain.
FAU - Lozano, A
AU  - Lozano A
AD  - Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), European Union Reference 
      Laboratory for Pesticide Residues in Fruit & Vegetables, Department of Chemistry 
      and Physics, University of Almeria, La Canada de San Urbano, 04120 Almeria, 
      Spain.
FAU - Ucles, S
AU  - Ucles S
AD  - Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), European Union Reference 
      Laboratory for Pesticide Residues in Fruit & Vegetables, Department of Chemistry 
      and Physics, University of Almeria, La Canada de San Urbano, 04120 Almeria, 
      Spain.
FAU - Ramos, M M Gomez
AU  - Ramos MM
AD  - Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), European Union Reference 
      Laboratory for Pesticide Residues in Fruit & Vegetables, Department of Chemistry 
      and Physics, University of Almeria, La Canada de San Urbano, 04120 Almeria, 
      Spain.
FAU - Fernandez-Alba, A R
AU  - Fernandez-Alba AR
AD  - Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), European Union Reference 
      Laboratory for Pesticide Residues in Fruit & Vegetables, Department of Chemistry 
      and Physics, University of Almeria, La Canada de San Urbano, 04120 Almeria, 
      Spain. Electronic address: amadeo@ual.es.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20151128
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - J Chromatogr A
JT  - Journal of chromatography. A
JID - 9318488
RN  - 0 (Pesticide Residues)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - *Bees
MH  - Chromatography, Liquid/methods
MH  - Pesticide Residues/*analysis
MH  - Pollen/*chemistry
MH  - Solid Phase Extraction
MH  - Spain
MH  - Tandem Mass Spectrometry/methods
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Freezing-out
OT  - GC-MS/MS
OT  - LC-MS/MS
OT  - Multiresidue pesticide analysis
OT  - Pollen
OT  - Zirconium dioxide
EDAT- 2015/12/15 06:00
MHDA- 2016/07/28 06:00
CRDT- 2015/12/15 06:00
PHST- 2015/08/03 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2015/11/24 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2015/11/25 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2015/12/15 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2015/12/15 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2016/07/28 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0021-9673(15)01743-4 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.11.081 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Chromatogr A. 2015 Dec 24;1426:161-73. doi: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.11.081. Epub 
      2015 Nov 28.