PMID- 26666182
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20160310
LR  - 20191113
IS  - 0001-723X (Print)
IS  - 0001-723X (Linking)
VI  - 59
IP  - 4
DP  - 2015 Dec
TI  - Transolfactory neuroinvasion by viruses threatens the human brain.
PG  - 338-49
AB  - Viral neuroinvasion via the olfactory system has been investigated in a variety 
      of virus-animal models by scientists in many fields including virologists, 
      pathologists, and neurologists. In humans, herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), 
      human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6), Borna disease virus, rabies virus, and influenza A 
      virus have been shown to take the olfactory route for neuroinvasion based on 
      forensic and post-mortem specimens. This article briefly summarizes the anatomy, 
      physiology, and immunology of the olfactory system and presents a battery of 
      neurovirulent viruses that may threaten the human brain by invading through this 
      peripheral pathway, especially focusing on two of the most intensively studied 
      viruses--HSV-1 and influenza A virus. Viruses may insidiously invade the 
      olfactory neural network not only to precipitate encephalitis/encephalopathy but 
      also to promote the development of neurodegenerative and demyelinating disorders. 
      Substantial information obtained by analyzing human specimens is required to 
      argue for or against this hypothesis.
FAU - Mori, I
AU  - Mori I
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
PL  - Slovakia
TA  - Acta Virol
JT  - Acta virologica
JID - 0370401
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Brain/immunology/*virology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Olfactory Mucosa/immunology/*virology
MH  - Virus Diseases/immunology/*virology
MH  - *Virus Physiological Phenomena
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - virus; olfactory neuron; human brain; encephalitis; neurodegenerative disorders.
EDAT- 2015/12/17 06:00
MHDA- 2016/03/11 06:00
CRDT- 2015/12/16 06:00
PHST- 2015/12/16 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2015/12/17 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2016/03/11 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.4149/av_2015_04_338 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Acta Virol. 2015 Dec;59(4):338-49. doi: 10.4149/av_2015_04_338.