PMID- 26673853
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
DCOM- 20151217
LR  - 20231104
IS  - 2214-6474 (Print)
IS  - 2214-6474 (Electronic)
IS  - 2214-6474 (Linking)
VI  - 4
DP  - 2015 Dec
TI  - Treatment of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer with Bacillus Calmette-Guerin 
      (BCG): Biological markers and simulation studies.
PG  - 27-34
LID - 10.1016/j.bbacli.2015.06.002 [doi]
AB  - Intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccine is the preferred first line 
      treatment for non-muscle invasive bladder carcinoma (NMIBC) in order to prevent 
      recurrence and progression of cancer. There is ongoing need for the rational 
      selection of i) BCG dose, ii) frequency of BCG administration along with iii) 
      synergistic adjuvant therapy and iv) a reliable set of biochemical markers 
      relevant to tumor response. In this review we evaluate cellular and molecular 
      markers pertinent to the immunological response triggered by the BCG instillation 
      and respective mathematical models of the treatment. Specific examples of markers 
      include diverse immune cells, genetic polymorphisms, miRNAs, epigenetics, 
      immunohistochemistry and molecular biology 'beacons' as exemplified by cell 
      surface proteins, cytokines, signaling proteins and enzymes. We identified tumor 
      associated macrophages (TAMs), human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I, a 
      combination of Ki-67/CK20, IL-2, IL-8 and IL-6/IL-10 ratio as the most promising 
      markers for both pre-BCG and post-BCG treatment suitable for the simulation 
      studies. The intricate and patient-specific nature of these data warrants the use 
      of powerful multi-parametral mathematical methods in combination with 
      molecular/cellular biology insight and clinical input.
FAU - Kiselyov, Alex
AU  - Kiselyov A
AD  - NBIC, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9 Institutsky Per., 
      Dolgoprudny, Moscow region 141700, Russia.
FAU - Bunimovich-Mendrazitsky, Svetlana
AU  - Bunimovich-Mendrazitsky S
AD  - Department of Computer Science and Mathematics, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, 
      Israel.
FAU - Startsev, Vladimir
AU  - Startsev V
AD  - Department of Urology, State Pediatric Medical University, St. Petersburg 194100, 
      Russia.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20150610
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - BBA Clin
JT  - BBA clinical
JID - 101633879
PMC - PMC4661599
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Bacillus Calmette-Guerin
OT  - Biological marker
OT  - Bladder cancer
OT  - Mathematical models
EDAT- 2015/12/18 06:00
MHDA- 2015/12/18 06:01
PMCR- 2015/06/10
CRDT- 2015/12/18 06:00
PHST- 2015/04/28 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2015/06/08 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2015/12/18 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2015/12/18 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2015/12/18 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2015/06/10 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - S2214-6474(15)00071-9 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.bbacli.2015.06.002 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - BBA Clin. 2015 Jun 10;4:27-34. doi: 10.1016/j.bbacli.2015.06.002. eCollection 
      2015 Dec.