PMID- 26678821 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20160811 LR - 20181113 IS - 1744-9081 (Electronic) IS - 1744-9081 (Linking) VI - 11 DP - 2015 Dec 17 TI - Multivariable analysis to determine if HIV-1 Tat dicysteine motif is associated with neurodevelopmental delay in HIV-infected children in Malawi. PG - 38 LID - 10.1186/s12993-015-0083-7 [doi] LID - 38 AB - BACKGROUND: HIV-1 Tat protein is implicated in HIV-neuropathogenesis. Tat C31S polymorphism (Tat(CS)) has been associated with milder neuropathology in vitro and in animal models but this has not been addressed in a cohort of HIV-infected adults or children. METHODS: HIV viral load (VL) in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were determined and plasma HIV tat gene was sequenced. Neurodevelopmental assessment was performed using Bayley Scales of Infant Development III (BSID-III), with scores standardized to Malawian norms. The association between Tat(CS) and BSID-III scores was evaluated using multivariate linear regression. RESULTS: Neurodevelopmental assessment and HIV tat genotyping were available for 33 children. Mean age was 19.4 (SD 7.1) months, mean log VL was 5.9 copies/mL (SD 0.1) in plasma and 3.9 copies/mL (SD 0.9) in CSF. The prevalence of Tat(CC) was 27 %. Z-scores for BSID-III subtests ranged from -1.3 to -3.9. Tat(CC) was not associated with higher BSID-III z-scores. CONCLUSIONS: The hypothesis of milder neuropathology in individuals infected with HIV Tat(CS) was not confirmed in this small cohort of Malawian children. Future studies of tat genotype and neurocognitive disorder should be performed using larger sample sizes and investigate if this finding is due to differences in HIV neuropathogenesis between children and adults. FAU - Dara, Jasmeen AU - Dara J AD - Department of Pediatrics, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA. jdara@montefiore.org. FAU - Dow, Anna AU - Dow A AD - UNC School of Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA. adow@email.unc.edu. FAU - Cromwell, Elizabeth AU - Cromwell E AD - UNC School of Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA. ecromwe@live.unc.edu. FAU - Sturdevant, Christa Buckheit AU - Sturdevant CB AD - Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA. christa_buckheit@med.unc.edu. FAU - Mallewa, Macpherson AU - Mallewa M AD - Malawi-Liverpool Wellcome Trust and Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Blantyre, Malawi. macphers@liverpool.ac.uk. FAU - Swanstrom, Ronald AU - Swanstrom R AD - Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA. ron_swanstrom@med.unc.edu. FAU - Van Rie, Annelies AU - Van Rie A AD - UNC School of Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA. vanrie@email.unc.edu. FAU - Prasad, Vinayaka R AU - Prasad VR AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA. vinayaka.prasad@einstein.yu.edu. LA - eng GR - KL2 RR025749/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/United States GR - UL1 RR025750/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/United States GR - UL1RR025750/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/United States GR - AI-051519/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 MH083579/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States GR - P30 AI051519/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - P30 CA016086/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - P30 AI50410/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R01HD053216/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States GR - TL1 RR025748/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/United States GR - P30 CA16086/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 MH101024/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States GR - UL1 TR001073/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States GR - TL1RR025748/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 HD053216/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States GR - T32 AI070114/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - MH083579/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States GR - Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom GR - P30 AI050410/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - KL2RR025749/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20151217 PL - England TA - Behav Brain Funct JT - Behavioral and brain functions : BBF JID - 101245751 RN - 0 (tat Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus) SB - IM MH - Amino Acid Motifs MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Developmental Disabilities/*virology MH - Female MH - Genotype MH - HIV Infections/*psychology/*virology MH - HIV-1/metabolism/*pathogenicity MH - Humans MH - Infant MH - Malawi MH - Male MH - Viral Load MH - tat Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus/*chemistry/*metabolism PMC - PMC4683967 EDAT- 2015/12/19 06:00 MHDA- 2016/08/12 06:00 PMCR- 2015/12/17 CRDT- 2015/12/19 06:00 PHST- 2015/03/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2015/11/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2015/12/19 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2015/12/19 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2016/08/12 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2015/12/17 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12993-015-0083-7 [pii] AID - 83 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12993-015-0083-7 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Behav Brain Funct. 2015 Dec 17;11:38. doi: 10.1186/s12993-015-0083-7.