PMID- 26691059 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20160927 LR - 20231213 IS - 1873-2690 (Electronic) IS - 0981-9428 (Linking) VI - 98 DP - 2016 Jan TI - The interaction of salicylic acid and Ca(2+) alleviates aluminum toxicity in soybean (Glycine max L.). PG - 146-54 LID - S0981-9428(15)30174-1 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.plaphy.2015.11.019 [doi] AB - Both calcium ion (Ca(2+)) and salicylic acid (SA) influence various stress responses in plants. In acidic soils, aluminum (Al) toxicity adversely affects crop yield. In this study, we determined the influences of Ca(2+) and SA on root elongation, Al accumulation, and citrate secretion in soybean plant. We also investigated the activity of antioxidative enzymes in Al-exposed soybean roots. Root elongation was severally inhibited when the roots were exposed to 30 muM Al. The Al-induced inhibition of root elongation was ameliorated by Ca(2+) and SA but aggravated by Ca(2+) channel inhibitor (VP), CaM antagonists (TFP), Ca(2+) chelator (EGTA), and SA biosynthesis inhibitor (PAC). Furthermore, 1.0 mM CaCl2 and 10 muM SA reduced the accumulation of Al in roots, but their inhibitors stimulated the accumulation of Al in roots. Citrate secretion from these roots increased with the addition of either 1.0 mM CaCl2 or 10 muM SA but did not increase significantly when treated with higher Ca(2+) concentration. Enzymatic analysis showed that Ca(2+) and SA stimulated the activities of superoxidase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) in Al-treated roots. In addition, SA restored the inhibition of Ca(2+) inhibitors on root elongation and Al content. Thus, both Ca(2+) and SA contribute to Al tolerance in soybean. Furthermore, Ca(2+) supplements rapidly increased Al-induced accumulation of free-SA or conjugated SA (SAG), while Ca(2+) inhibitors delayed the accumulation of SA for more than 8 h. Within 4 h of treatment, SA increased cytosolic Ca(2+) concentration in Al-treated roots, and upregulated the expression of four genes that possibly encode calmodulin-like (CML) proteins. These findings indicate that SA is involved in Ca(2+)-mediated signal transduction pathways in Al tolerance. CI - Copyright (c) 2015 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. FAU - Lan, Tu AU - Lan T AD - College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China; Laboratory of Soil and Plant Molecular Genetics, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China. FAU - You, Jiangfeng AU - You J AD - College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China; Laboratory of Soil and Plant Molecular Genetics, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China. FAU - Kong, Lingnan AU - Kong L AD - College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China; Laboratory of Soil and Plant Molecular Genetics, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China. FAU - Yu, Miao AU - Yu M AD - College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China; Laboratory of Soil and Plant Molecular Genetics, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China. FAU - Liu, Minghui AU - Liu M AD - College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China; Laboratory of Soil and Plant Molecular Genetics, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China. FAU - Yang, Zhenming AU - Yang Z AD - College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China; Laboratory of Soil and Plant Molecular Genetics, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China. Electronic address: zmyang@jlu.edu.cn. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20151130 PL - France TA - Plant Physiol Biochem JT - Plant physiology and biochemistry : PPB JID - 9882449 RN - 0 (Antioxidants) RN - 0 (Plant Proteins) RN - 2968PHW8QP (Citric Acid) RN - CPD4NFA903 (Aluminum) RN - EC 1.- (Oxidoreductases) RN - EC 1.11.1.- (Peroxidases) RN - EC 1.11.1.11 (Ascorbate Peroxidases) RN - EC 1.11.1.7 (Peroxidase) RN - O414PZ4LPZ (Salicylic Acid) RN - SY7Q814VUP (Calcium) SB - IM MH - Aluminum/*toxicity MH - Antioxidants/*metabolism MH - Ascorbate Peroxidases/metabolism MH - Calcium/*metabolism MH - Citric Acid/metabolism MH - Cytosol/metabolism MH - Oxidoreductases/metabolism MH - Peroxidase/metabolism MH - Peroxidases/metabolism MH - Plant Proteins/metabolism MH - Plant Roots/drug effects/enzymology/physiology MH - Salicylic Acid/*metabolism MH - *Signal Transduction MH - Glycine max/drug effects/enzymology/*physiology OTO - NOTNLM OT - Aluminum OT - Antioxidative enzyme OT - Calmodulin-like protein OT - Salicylic acid OT - Signal transduction EDAT- 2015/12/23 06:00 MHDA- 2016/09/28 06:00 CRDT- 2015/12/23 06:00 PHST- 2015/08/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2015/11/24 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2015/11/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2015/12/23 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2015/12/23 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2016/09/28 06:00 [medline] AID - S0981-9428(15)30174-1 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.plaphy.2015.11.019 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Plant Physiol Biochem. 2016 Jan;98:146-54. doi: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2015.11.019. Epub 2015 Nov 30.