PMID- 26721505
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20170711
LR  - 20220331
IS  - 1618-7601 (Electronic)
IS  - 1618-7598 (Print)
IS  - 1618-7598 (Linking)
VI  - 18
IP  - 1
DP  - 2017 Jan
TI  - Economic burden of toxicities associated with treating metastatic melanoma in 
      eight countries.
PG  - 49-58
LID - 10.1007/s10198-015-0757-y [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Information on costs of managing adverse events (AEs) associated with 
      current treatments in metastatic melanoma is limited. This study estimates costs 
      of AEs in eight countries: Australia (AU), Canada (CA), France (FR), Germany 
      (GE), Italy (IT), the Netherlands (NL), Spain (ES), and the UK. METHODS: A 
      literature search was conducted to identify grade 3/4 AEs from product label, 
      published trials, conference abstracts, and treatment guidelines. Resource 
      utilization for the management of each type of AE was determined via interviews 
      with 5 melanoma clinicians in each country. Outpatient and inpatient costs were 
      estimated for each type of AE using country-specific tariffs or 
      government/published sources. RESULTS: In outpatient settings, the most costly 
      AEs per incident included cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) (euro1063,  pound720; 
      NL/UK), anemia (euro1443, euro1329, euro1285; ES/IT/FR), peripheral neuropathy (euro1289; 
      ES), and immune-related diarrhea (AUS$1,121; AU). In inpatient settings, the most 
      costly AEs per hospitalization included hypophysitis (euro10,265; euro5316; CAN$9735; 
      AUS$7231: ES/FR/CA/AU), dyspnea (euro9077; GE), elevated liver enzymes (euro6913, 
      CAN$8030, AUS$6594; FR/CA/AU), CSCC (CAN$8934; CA), peripheral neuropathy (euro6977, 
      euro4144, CAN$9472; NL/ES/CA), and diarrhea ( pound4284, euro4113; UK/ES). CONCLUSIONS: 
      Costs of managing AEs can be significant, and thus effective treatments with 
      lower rates of severe AEs would be valuable.
FAU - Wehler, Elizabeth
AU  - Wehler E
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5059-882X
AD  - IMS Health, 1 IMS Drive, Plymouth Meeting, PA, 19462, USA. 
      bwehler@us.imshealth.com.
FAU - Zhao, Zhongyun
AU  - Zhao Z
AD  - Amgen, 1 Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, CA, 91320, USA.
FAU - Pinar Bilir, S
AU  - Pinar Bilir S
AD  - IMS Health, 425 Market Street, 7th Floor, San Francisco, CA, 94105, USA.
FAU - Munakata, Julie
AU  - Munakata J
AD  - IMS Health, 425 Market Street, 7th Floor, San Francisco, CA, 94105, USA.
FAU - Barber, Beth
AU  - Barber B
AD  - Amgen, 1 Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, CA, 91320, USA.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20151231
PL  - Germany
TA  - Eur J Health Econ
JT  - The European journal of health economics : HEPAC : health economics in prevention 
      and care
JID - 101134867
RN  - 0 (Antineoplastic Agents)
SB  - IM
MH  - Antineoplastic Agents/*adverse effects/*economics
MH  - Australia
MH  - Canada
MH  - Costs and Cost Analysis
MH  - Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions/*economics
MH  - France
MH  - Germany
MH  - Health Expenditures/statistics & numerical data
MH  - Humans
MH  - Italy
MH  - Melanoma/*drug therapy
MH  - Netherlands
MH  - Skin Neoplasms/*drug therapy
MH  - Spain
MH  - United Kingdom
PMC - PMC5209401
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Adverse drug event
OT  - Cost of illness
OT  - Costs and cost analysis
OT  - Melanoma
COIS- Zhao and Barber are employed by Amgen and are stock shareholders. Wehler, Bilir 
      and Munakata declare that they have no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2016/01/02 06:00
MHDA- 2017/07/14 06:00
PMCR- 2015/12/31
CRDT- 2016/01/02 06:00
PHST- 2015/02/10 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2015/12/09 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2016/01/02 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/07/14 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2016/01/02 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2015/12/31 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1007/s10198-015-0757-y [pii]
AID - 757 [pii]
AID - 10.1007/s10198-015-0757-y [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Eur J Health Econ. 2017 Jan;18(1):49-58. doi: 10.1007/s10198-015-0757-y. Epub 
      2015 Dec 31.