PMID- 26765343
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20171106
LR  - 20220210
IS  - 1530-0366 (Electronic)
IS  - 1098-3600 (Print)
IS  - 1098-3600 (Linking)
VI  - 18
IP  - 8
DP  - 2016 Aug
TI  - Privacy-preserving genomic testing in the clinic: a model using HIV treatment.
PG  - 814-22
LID - 10.1038/gim.2015.167 [doi]
AB  - PURPOSE: The implementation of genomic-based medicine is hindered by unresolved 
      questions regarding data privacy and delivery of interpreted results to 
      health-care practitioners. We used DNA-based prediction of HIV-related outcomes 
      as a model to explore critical issues in clinical genomics. METHODS: We genotyped 
      4,149 markers in HIV-positive individuals. Variants allowed for prediction of 17 
      traits relevant to HIV medical care, inference of patient ancestry, and 
      imputation of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) types. Genetic data were processed 
      under a privacy-preserving framework using homomorphic encryption, and clinical 
      reports describing potentially actionable results were delivered to health-care 
      providers. RESULTS: A total of 230 patients were included in the study. We 
      demonstrated the feasibility of encrypting a large number of genetic markers, 
      inferring patient ancestry, computing monogenic and polygenic trait risks, and 
      reporting results under privacy-preserving conditions. The average execution time 
      of a multimarker test on encrypted data was 865 ms on a standard computer. The 
      proportion of tests returning potentially actionable genetic results ranged from 
      0 to 54%. CONCLUSIONS: The model of implementation presented herein informs on 
      strategies to deliver genomic test results for clinical care. Data encryption to 
      ensure privacy helps to build patient trust, a key requirement on the road to 
      genomic-based medicine.Genet Med 18 8, 814-822.
FAU - McLaren, Paul J
AU  - McLaren PJ
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6019-7018
AD  - School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, Lausanne, 
      Switzerland.
AD  - Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland.
FAU - Raisaro, Jean Louis
AU  - Raisaro JL
AD  - School of Computer and Communication Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de 
      Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
FAU - Aouri, Manel
AU  - Aouri M
AD  - Division of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Center, University of 
      Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
FAU - Rotger, Margalida
AU  - Rotger M
AD  - Institute of Microbiology, University Hospital Center, University of Lausanne, 
      Lausanne, Switzerland.
FAU - Ayday, Erman
AU  - Ayday E
AD  - School of Computer and Communication Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de 
      Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
AD  - Department of Computer Engineering, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey.
FAU - Bartha, Istvan
AU  - Bartha I
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3360-1999
AD  - School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, Lausanne, 
      Switzerland.
AD  - Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland.
FAU - Delgado, Maria B
AU  - Delgado MB
AD  - Institute of Microbiology, University Hospital Center, University of Lausanne, 
      Lausanne, Switzerland.
FAU - Vallet, Yannick
AU  - Vallet Y
AD  - Swiss HIV Cohort Data Center, Lausanne, Switzerland.
FAU - Gunthard, Huldrych F
AU  - Gunthard HF
AD  - Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital 
      Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
AD  - Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
FAU - Cavassini, Matthias
AU  - Cavassini M
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0933-7833
AD  - Division of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital and University of Lausanne, 
      Lausanne, Switzerland.
FAU - Furrer, Hansjakob
AU  - Furrer H
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1375-3146
AD  - Department of Infectious Diseases, Bern University Hospital and University of 
      Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
FAU - Doco-Lecompte, Thanh
AU  - Doco-Lecompte T
AD  - Division of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
FAU - Marzolini, Catia
AU  - Marzolini C
AD  - Division of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
FAU - Schmid, Patrick
AU  - Schmid P
AD  - Division of Infectious Diseases, Kantonsspital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, 
      Switzerland.
FAU - Di Benedetto, Caroline
AU  - Di Benedetto C
AD  - Division of Infectious Diseases, Ospedale Regionale di Lugano, Lugano, 
      Switzerland.
FAU - Decosterd, Laurent A
AU  - Decosterd LA
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9840-1325
AD  - Division of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Center, University of 
      Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
FAU - Fellay, Jacques
AU  - Fellay J
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8240-939X
AD  - School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, Lausanne, 
      Switzerland.
AD  - Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland.
FAU - Hubaux, Jean-Pierre
AU  - Hubaux JP
AD  - School of Computer and Communication Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de 
      Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
FAU - Telenti, Amalio
AU  - Telenti A
AD  - J. Craig Venter Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20160114
PL  - United States
TA  - Genet Med
JT  - Genetics in medicine : official journal of the American College of Medical 
      Genetics
JID - 9815831
SB  - IM
MH  - *Computer Security
MH  - *Genetic Privacy
MH  - Genetic Variation
MH  - Genomics/ethics
MH  - HIV Infections/*genetics
MH  - Humans
MH  - Models, Theoretical
PMC - PMC4985613
EDAT- 2016/01/15 06:00
MHDA- 2017/11/07 06:00
PMCR- 2016/08/16
CRDT- 2016/01/15 06:00
PHST- 2015/06/09 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2015/10/05 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2016/01/15 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2016/01/15 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/11/07 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2016/08/16 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - S1098-3600(21)04421-X [pii]
AID - 10.1038/gim.2015.167 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Genet Med. 2016 Aug;18(8):814-22. doi: 10.1038/gim.2015.167. Epub 2016 Jan 14.