PMID- 26768240
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20161012
LR  - 20161230
IS  - 1545-326X (Electronic)
IS  - 0066-4219 (Linking)
VI  - 67
DP  - 2016
TI  - Cardiovascular Effects of Incretin-Based Therapies.
PG  - 245-60
LID - 10.1146/annurev-med-050214-013431 [doi]
AB  - The incretin-based therapies, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) inhibitors and 
      glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogs, are important new classes of therapy for 
      type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). These agents prolong the action of the incretin 
      hormones, GLP-1 and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), by 
      inhibiting their breakdown. The incretin hormones improve glycemic control in 
      T2DM by increasing insulin secretion and suppressing glucagon levels. The 
      cardiovascular (CV) effects of the incretin-based therapies have been of 
      substantial interest since 2008, when the US Food and Drug Administration began 
      to require that all new therapies for diabetes undergo rigorous assessment of CV 
      safety through large-scale CV outcome trials. This article reviews the most 
      recent CV outcome trials of the DPP-4 inhibitors (SAVOR-TIMI 53, EXAMINE, and 
      TECOS) as evidence that the incretin-based therapies have acceptable CV safety 
      profiles for patients with T2DM. The studies differ with regard to patient 
      population, trial duration, and heart failure outcomes but show similar findings 
      for CV death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, and stroke, as well as 
      hospitalization for unstable angina.
FAU - White, William B
AU  - White WB
AD  - Division of Hypertension and Clinical Pharmacology, Calhoun Cardiology Center, 
      University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut 06032; 
      email: wwhite@uchc.edu.
FAU - Baker, William L
AU  - Baker WL
AD  - University of Connecticut School of Pharmacy, Storrs, Connecticut 06269; email: 
      william.baker_jr@uconn.edu.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
PL  - United States
TA  - Annu Rev Med
JT  - Annual review of medicine
JID - 2985151R
RN  - 0 (Dipeptides)
RN  - 0 (Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors)
RN  - 0 (Hypoglycemic Agents)
RN  - 0 (Incretins)
RN  - 0 (Piperidines)
RN  - 56HH86ZVCT (Uracil)
RN  - 89750-14-1 (Glucagon-Like Peptide 1)
RN  - 9GB927LAJW (saxagliptin)
RN  - JHC049LO86 (alogliptin)
RN  - PJY633525U (Adamantane)
RN  - TS63EW8X6F (Sitagliptin Phosphate)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adamantane/adverse effects/analogs & derivatives
MH  - Cardiovascular Diseases/*complications
MH  - Cardiovascular System/*drug effects
MH  - Clinical Trials as Topic
MH  - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications/*drug therapy
MH  - Dipeptides/adverse effects
MH  - Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors/*pharmacology/therapeutic use
MH  - Glucagon-Like Peptide 1/agonists/*pharmacology
MH  - Heart Failure/chemically induced
MH  - Humans
MH  - Hypoglycemic Agents/*pharmacology/therapeutic use
MH  - Incretins/adverse effects/metabolism/*pharmacology
MH  - Piperidines/adverse effects
MH  - Sitagliptin Phosphate/adverse effects
MH  - Uracil/adverse effects/analogs & derivatives
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - cardiovascular safety outcome trials
OT  - dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors
OT  - glucagon-like peptide
OT  - type 2 diabetes mellitus
EDAT- 2016/01/16 06:00
MHDA- 2016/10/13 06:00
CRDT- 2016/01/16 06:00
PHST- 2016/01/16 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2016/01/16 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2016/10/13 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1146/annurev-med-050214-013431 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Annu Rev Med. 2016;67:245-60. doi: 10.1146/annurev-med-050214-013431.