PMID- 26778232
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20160926
LR  - 20181202
IS  - 1532-2130 (Electronic)
IS  - 1090-3798 (Linking)
VI  - 20
IP  - 2
DP  - 2016 Mar
TI  - Inflammatory markers in pediatric stroke: An attempt to better understanding the 
      pathophysiology.
PG  - 252-260
LID - S1090-3798(15)00217-2 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.ejpn.2015.12.006 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: The mechanisms of childhood and perinatal arterial ischemic stroke 
      (AIS) are poorly understood. Multiple risk factors include cerebral arteriopathy, 
      congenital cardiac disease, infection, sickle cell disease, and maternal-fetal 
      conditions in neonates. For infections and parainfectious conditions being the 
      most important a possible inflammatory pathophysiology has long been suspected. 
      This pilot study aims to detect, whether there are any abnormalities of 
      inflammatory markers associated with childhood and neonatal stroke. METHODS: The 
      concentration of 23 different metalloproteinases (MMPs), tissue inhibitors of 
      MMPs (TIMPs), endothelial factors, vascular cell adhesion proteins, and cytokines 
      in plasma were measured in 12 children with AIS, 7 healthy age matched controls 
      and 6 full term neonates with perinatal AIS. RESULTS: At the time of the acute 
      event children with AIS had significantly elevated levels of MMP-9, TIMP4, IL-6, 
      IL-8 and CRP compared to controls (p < 0.05). Except for lower IL-6 and CRP 
      levels the pattern of children with a history of varizella-zoster virus (VZV) and 
      other viral infections did not differ to the non-infectious group. Median levels 
      of MMP-1, MMP-2, TIMP-1, TIMP-2, sE-selectin, sICAM-1, sVCAM-1, IL-8, IL-10, 
      TNF-alpha, VEGF, Fetuin A were found to be higher in the neonatal group when 
      compared with older children. CONCLUSION: This pilot study supports the 
      assumption of an inflammatory process and up-regulation of metalloproteinases and 
      their inhibitors, and altered pattern of circulating pro-inflammatory cytokines, 
      CRP and vWF levels in pediatric and neonatal AIS. It highlights the feasibility 
      but also difficulties for similar larger future studies that should aim to 
      clarify childhood stroke etiopathogenesis and consecutive further therapeutic 
      options.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2015 European Paediatric Neurology Society. Published by Elsevier 
      Ltd. All rights reserved.
FAU - Buerki, Sarah E
AU  - Buerki SE
AD  - Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital and 
      University of British Columbia, Canada; Department of Neuropediatrics, 
      Development and Rehabilitation, University Children's Hospital, Inselspital, 
      Berne, Switzerland. Electronic address: sarah.buerki@cw.bc.ca.
FAU - Grandgirard, Denis
AU  - Grandgirard D
AD  - Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Neuroinfectiology 
      Laboratory, Institute for Infectious Diseases, Postfach 8571, CH-3001 Bern, 
      Switzerland.
FAU - Datta, Alexandre N
AU  - Datta AN
AD  - University Children's Hospital Basel, Universitats-Kinderspital beider Basel, 
      Spitalstrasse 33, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland.
FAU - Hackenberg, Annette
AU  - Hackenberg A
AD  - University Children's Hospital Zurich, Kinderspital Zurich, University Children's 
      Hospital Zurich, Steinwiesstrasse 75, CH-8032 Zurich, Switzerland.
FAU - Martin, Florence
AU  - Martin F
AD  - Children's Hospital Winterthur, Kantonsspital Winterthur, Brauerstrasse 15, 
      Postfach 834, CH-8401 Winterthur, Switzerland.
FAU - Schmitt-Mechelke, Thomas
AU  - Schmitt-Mechelke T
AD  - Children's Hospital Lucerne, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Kinderspital Luzern, CH-6000 
      Luzern 16, Switzerland.
FAU - Leib, Stephen L
AU  - Leib SL
AD  - Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Neuroinfectiology 
      Laboratory, Institute for Infectious Diseases, Postfach 8571, CH-3001 Bern, 
      Switzerland; Biology Division, Spiez Laboratory, Swiss Federal Office for Civil 
      Protection, Spiez, Switzerland.
FAU - Steinlin, Maja
AU  - Steinlin M
AD  - Department of Neuropediatrics, Development and Rehabilitation, University 
      Children's Hospital, Inselspital, Berne, Switzerland.
CN  - Swiss Neuropediatric Stroke Registry Study Group
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20151223
PL  - England
TA  - Eur J Paediatr Neurol
JT  - European journal of paediatric neurology : EJPN : official journal of the 
      European Paediatric Neurology Society
JID - 9715169
RN  - 0 (Biomarkers)
SB  - IM
CIN - Pediatr Neurol Briefs. 2016 Nov;30(11):41. PMID: 27909385
MH  - Biomarkers/*blood
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Infant
MH  - Inflammation/complications
MH  - Male
MH  - Pilot Projects
MH  - Risk Factors
MH  - Stroke/*blood/*physiopathology
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Arterial ischemic stroke
OT  - Biomarker
OT  - Inflammation
OT  - Metalloproteinases
OT  - Pediatrics
EDAT- 2016/01/19 06:00
MHDA- 2016/09/27 06:00
CRDT- 2016/01/19 06:00
PHST- 2015/07/13 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2015/11/11 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2015/12/06 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2016/01/19 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2016/01/19 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2016/09/27 06:00 [medline]
AID - S1090-3798(15)00217-2 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.ejpn.2015.12.006 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Eur J Paediatr Neurol. 2016 Mar;20(2):252-260. doi: 10.1016/j.ejpn.2015.12.006. 
      Epub 2015 Dec 23.