PMID- 26779179
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
DCOM- 20160118
LR  - 20181113
IS  - 1664-3224 (Print)
IS  - 1664-3224 (Electronic)
IS  - 1664-3224 (Linking)
VI  - 6
DP  - 2015
TI  - Acute Immune-Inflammatory Responses to a Single Bout of Aerobic Exercise in 
      Smokers; The Effect of Smoking History and Status.
PG  - 634
LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2015.00634 [doi]
LID - 634
AB  - This study examined the acute immune and inflammatory responses to exercise in 
      smokers compared to non-smokers, and further, the effect of smoking history on 
      these immune-inflammatory responses. Fifty-four recreationally active males who 
      were either smokers (SM; n = 27) or non-smokers (NS; n = 27) were allocated into 
      either young (YSM, YNS) or middle-aged groups (MSM, MNS) based on smoking status. 
      Participants were matched for fitness and smoking habits and following 
      familiarization and baseline testing, undertook an exercise protocol that 
      involved 40 min of cycle ergometry at 50% of VO2peak. Venous blood was obtained 
      pre- and post- (0 min, 1, and 4 h) exercise to measure circulating leukocytes and 
      inflammatory markers interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1beta, IL-1ra, and monocyte 
      chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1). Compared to MNS, MSM showed elevated basal 
      concentrations of MCP-1, which were increased with a longer smoking history 
      (P < 0.05). In response to exercise, YSM demonstrated an amplified IL-6 response 
      from immediately- to 1 h-post compared to YNS. Furthermore, IL-1ra in YSM was 
      elevated above that of YNS across all time points (P < 0.05). The MSM group had 
      higher IL-1beta at baseline when compared to YSM, although IL-1ra was greater for 
      YSM at baseline (P < 0.05). Finally, the post-exercise leukocyte response was 
      greater in MSM compared to YSM and non-smokers (P < 0.05). In conclusion, 
      smoker's exhibit elevated MCP-1 and IL-1beta that seem to be evident with a longer 
      smoking history (~15 years). Furthermore, the differences in exercise-induced 
      inflammatory responses noted in YSM may be indicative tobacco smoke exposure 
      priming circulating leukocytes to amplify inflammatory responses.
FAU - Kastelein, Tegan Emma
AU  - Kastelein TE
AD  - School of Human Movement Studies, Charles Sturt University , Bathurst, NSW , 
      Australia.
FAU - Duffield, Rob
AU  - Duffield R
AD  - Sport and Exercise Discipline Group, Faculty of Health, University of Technology 
      Sydney , Sydney, NSW , Australia.
FAU - Marino, Frank E
AU  - Marino FE
AD  - School of Human Movement Studies, Charles Sturt University , Bathurst, NSW , 
      Australia.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20151223
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Front Immunol
JT  - Frontiers in immunology
JID - 101560960
PMC - PMC4688366
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - cycling
OT  - cytokines
OT  - leukocytes
OT  - non-smokers
OT  - smokers
EDAT- 2016/01/19 06:00
MHDA- 2016/01/19 06:01
PMCR- 2015/01/01
CRDT- 2016/01/19 06:00
PHST- 2015/10/03 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2015/12/03 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2016/01/19 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2016/01/19 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2016/01/19 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2015/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2015.00634 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Front Immunol. 2015 Dec 23;6:634. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2015.00634. eCollection 
      2015.