PMID- 26805831
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
DCOM- 20160719
LR  - 20181113
IS  - 1424-8220 (Electronic)
IS  - 1424-8220 (Linking)
VI  - 16
IP  - 1
DP  - 2016 Jan 20
TI  - Analysis of BeiDou Satellite Measurements with Code Multipath and Geometry-Free 
      Ionosphere-Free Combinations.
LID - 10.3390/s16010123 [doi]
LID - 123
AB  - Using GNSS observable from some stations in the Asia-Pacific area, the 
      carrier-to-noise ratio (CNR) and multipath combinations of BeiDou Navigation 
      Satellite System (BDS), as well as their variations with time and/or elevation 
      were investigated and compared with those of GPS and Galileo. Provided the same 
      elevation, the CNR of B1 observables is the lowest among the three BDS 
      frequencies, while B3 is the highest. The code multipath combinations of BDS 
      inclined geosynchronous orbit (IGSO) and medium Earth orbit (MEO) satellites are 
      remarkably correlated with elevation, and the systematic "V" shape trends could 
      be eliminated through between-station-differencing or modeling correction. Daily 
      periodicity was found in the geometry-free ionosphere-free (GFIF) combinations of 
      both BDS geostationary Earth orbit (GEO) and IGSO satellites. The variation range 
      of carrier phase GFIF combinations of GEO satellites is -2.0 to 2.0 cm. The 
      periodicity of carrier phase GFIF combination could be significantly mitigated 
      through between-station differencing. Carrier phase GFIF combinations of BDS GEO 
      and IGSO satellites might also contain delays related to satellites. 
      Cross-correlation suggests that the GFIF combinations' time series of some GEO 
      satellites might vary according to their relative geometries with the sun.
FAU - Zhao, Qile
AU  - Zhao Q
AD  - GNSS Research Center, Wuhan University, No.129 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China. 
      zhaoql@whu.edu.cn.
FAU - Wang, Guangxing
AU  - Wang G
AD  - GNSS Research Center, Wuhan University, No.129 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China. 
      gxwang@whu.edu.cn.
FAU - Liu, Zhizhao
AU  - Liu Z
AD  - Department of Land Surveying & Geo-Informatics (LSGI), The Hong Kong 
      Polytechnic University (PolyU), 181 Chatham Road South, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong 
      Kong, China. lszzliu@polyu.edu.hk.
FAU - Hu, Zhigang
AU  - Hu Z
AD  - GNSS Research Center, Wuhan University, No.129 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China. 
      zhigang.hu@whu.edu.cn.
FAU - Dai, Zhiqiang
AU  - Dai Z
AD  - School of Geodesy and Geomatics, Wuhan University, No.129 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 
      430079, China. dzq@whu.edu.cn.
FAU - Liu, Jingnan
AU  - Liu J
AD  - GNSS Research Center, Wuhan University, No.129 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China. 
      jnliu@whu.edu.cn.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20160120
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Sensors (Basel)
JT  - Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
JID - 101204366
PMC - PMC4732156
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - BDS
OT  - CNR
OT  - GFIF
OT  - GNSS
OT  - elevation
OT  - hardware delay
OT  - multipath
EDAT- 2016/01/26 06:00
MHDA- 2016/01/26 06:01
PMCR- 2016/01/20
CRDT- 2016/01/26 06:00
PHST- 2015/11/20 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2016/01/11 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2016/01/15 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2016/01/26 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2016/01/26 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2016/01/26 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2016/01/20 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - s16010123 [pii]
AID - sensors-16-00123 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/s16010123 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Sensors (Basel). 2016 Jan 20;16(1):123. doi: 10.3390/s16010123.