PMID- 2681605
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 19891219
LR  - 20131121
IS  - 0952-1178 (Print)
IS  - 0952-1178 (Linking)
VI  - 7
IP  - 5
DP  - 1989 Sep
TI  - The current status of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors in the management 
      of patients with chronic heart failure.
PG  - S33-6
AB  - Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors are the only therapeutic agents 
      used in the treatment of chronic heart failure that have been shown to both 
      improve symptoms and prolong life. These agents produce long-term haemodynamic 
      and clinical benefits in about 60-65% of patients. The only reliable means of 
      determining which patients are most likely to respond favourably to treatment is 
      by a therapeutic trial; the response cannot be predicted by demographic factors, 
      pretreatment left ventricular function or plasma renin activity. In addition to 
      their symptomatic benefits, ACE inhibitors reduce the mortality of patients with 
      chronic heart failure, possibly by decreasing ventricular wall stress and 
      decreasing the frequency and complexity of ventricular arrhythmias. The most 
      serious adverse effects of treatment, hypotension, functional renal insufficiency 
      and potassium retention, occur most commonly in patients with the most advanced 
      disease [New York Heart Association (NYHA) class III and IV heart failure] and 
      when efforts are made to block the formation of angiotensin (Ang) II continuously 
      (as with the use of long-acting ACE inhibitors). The unique characteristics of 
      the ACE inhibitors support their use as first-line agents in patients with 
      chronic heart failure.
FAU - Packer, M
AU  - Packer M
AD  - Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, City University of New 
      York, 10029.
FAU - Kukin, M L
AU  - Kukin ML
FAU - Neuberg, G W
AU  - Neuberg GW
FAU - Pinsky, D J
AU  - Pinsky DJ
FAU - Penn, J
AU  - Penn J
FAU - Abittan, M H
AU  - Abittan MH
LA  - eng
GR  - K04-HL-01229/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01-HL-25055/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
PT  - Review
PL  - England
TA  - J Hypertens Suppl
JT  - Journal of hypertension. Supplement : official journal of the International 
      Society of Hypertension
JID - 8501422
RN  - 0 (Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors)
RN  - RWP5GA015D (Potassium)
SB  - IM
MH  - Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors/adverse effects/*therapeutic use
MH  - Chronic Disease
MH  - Heart Failure/*drug therapy/physiopathology
MH  - Hemodynamics/drug effects
MH  - Humans
MH  - Hypotension/chemically induced
MH  - Kidney/drug effects/physiology
MH  - Potassium/metabolism
MH  - Risk Factors
RF  - 41
EDAT- 1989/09/01 00:00
MHDA- 1989/09/01 00:01
CRDT- 1989/09/01 00:00
PHST- 1989/09/01 00:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 1989/09/01 00:01 [medline]
PHST- 1989/09/01 00:00 [entrez]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Hypertens Suppl. 1989 Sep;7(5):S33-6.