PMID- 26830755
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
DCOM- 20160831
LR  - 20240324
IS  - 2045-2322 (Electronic)
IS  - 2045-2322 (Linking)
VI  - 6
DP  - 2016 Feb 2
TI  - Global spatially explicit CO2 emission metrics for forest bioenergy.
PG  - 20186
LID - 10.1038/srep20186 [doi]
LID - 20186
AB  - Emission metrics aggregate climate impacts of greenhouse gases to common units 
      such as CO2-equivalents (CO2-eq.). Examples include the global warming potential 
      (GWP), the global temperature change potential (GTP) and the absolute sustained 
      emission temperature (aSET). Despite the importance of biomass as a primary 
      energy supplier in existing and future scenarios, emission metrics for CO2 from 
      forest bioenergy are only available on a case-specific basis. Here, we produce 
      global spatially explicit emission metrics for CO2 emissions from forest 
      bioenergy and illustrate their applications to global emissions in 2015 and until 
      2100 under the RCP8.5 scenario. We obtain global average values of 
      0.49 +/- 0.03 kgCO2-eq. kgCO2(-1) (mean +/- standard deviation) for GWP, 
      0.05 +/- 0.05 kgCO2-eq. kgCO2(-1) for GTP, and 2.14.10(-14) +/- 0.11.10(-14)  degrees C (kg 
      yr(-1))(-1) for aSET. We explore metric dependencies on temperature, 
      precipitation, biomass turnover times and extraction rates of forest residues. We 
      find relatively high emission metrics with low precipitation, long rotation times 
      and low residue extraction rates. Our results provide a basis for assessing CO2 
      emissions from forest bioenergy under different indicators and across various 
      spatial and temporal scales.
FAU - Cherubini, Francesco
AU  - Cherubini F
AD  - Industrial Ecology Programme, Department of Energy and Process Engineering, 
      Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway.
FAU - Huijbregts, Mark
AU  - Huijbregts M
AD  - Department of Environmental Science, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, 
      Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
AD  - Dutch Environmental Assessment Agency, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
FAU - Kindermann, Georg
AU  - Kindermann G
AD  - Ecosystems Services and Management Program (ESM), International Institute for 
      Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), Laxenburg, Austria.
FAU - Van Zelm, Rosalie
AU  - Van Zelm R
AD  - Department of Environmental Science, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, 
      Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
FAU - Van Der Velde, Marijn
AU  - Van Der Velde M
AD  - European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra, Italy.
FAU - Stadler, Konstantin
AU  - Stadler K
AD  - Industrial Ecology Programme, Department of Energy and Process Engineering, 
      Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway.
FAU - Stromman, Anders Hammer
AU  - Stromman AH
AD  - Industrial Ecology Programme, Department of Energy and Process Engineering, 
      Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20160202
PL  - England
TA  - Sci Rep
JT  - Scientific reports
JID - 101563288
PMC - PMC4735754
EDAT- 2016/02/03 06:00
MHDA- 2016/02/03 06:01
PMCR- 2016/02/02
CRDT- 2016/02/03 06:00
PHST- 2015/07/16 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2015/12/23 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2016/02/03 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2016/02/03 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2016/02/03 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2016/02/02 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - srep20186 [pii]
AID - 10.1038/srep20186 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Sci Rep. 2016 Feb 2;6:20186. doi: 10.1038/srep20186.