PMID- 26846983
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20161031
LR  - 20200222
IS  - 1095-8630 (Electronic)
IS  - 0301-4797 (Linking)
VI  - 171
DP  - 2016 Apr 15
TI  - Phytoplankton communities of polar regions--Diversity depending on environmental 
      conditions and chemical anthropopressure.
PG  - 243-259
LID - S0301-4797(16)30024-X [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.01.026 [doi]
AB  - The polar regions (Arctic and Antarctic) constitute up to 14% of the biosphere 
      and offer some of the coldest and most arid Earth's environments. Nevertheless 
      several oxygenic phototrophs including some higher plants, mosses, lichens, 
      various algal groups and cyanobacteria, survive that harsh climate and create the 
      base of the trophic relationships in fragile ecosystems of polar environments. 
      Ecosystems in polar regions are characterized by low primary productivity and 
      slow growth rates, therefore they are more vulnerable to disturbance, than those 
      in temperate regions. From this reason, chemical contaminants influencing the 
      growth of photoautotrophic producers might induce serious disorders in the 
      integrity of polar ecosystems. However, for a long time these areas were believed 
      to be free of chemical contamination, and relatively protected from widespread 
      anthropogenic pressure, due their remoteness and extreme climate conditions. 
      Nowadays, there is a growing amount of data that prove that xenobiotics are 
      transported thousands of kilometers by the air and ocean currents and then they 
      are deposed in colder regions and accumulate in many environments, including the 
      habitats of marine and freshwater cyanobacteria. Cyanobacteria (blue green 
      algae), as a natural part of phytoplankton assemblages, are globally distributed, 
      but in high polar ecosystems they represent the dominant primary producers. These 
      microorganisms are continuously exposed to various concentration levels of the 
      compounds that are present in their habitats and act as nourishment or the 
      factors influencing the growth and development of cyanobacteria in other way. The 
      most common group of contaminants in Arctic and Antarctic are persistent organic 
      pollutants (POPs), characterized by durability and resistance to degradation. It 
      is important to determine their concentrations in all phytoplankton species cells 
      and in their environment to get to know the possibility of contaminants to 
      transfer to higher trophic levels, considering however that some strains of 
      microalgae are capable of metabolizing xenobiotics, make them less toxic or even 
      remove them from the environment.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
FAU - Kosek, Klaudia
AU  - Kosek K
AD  - Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk University of 
      Technology, 11/12 Narutowicza St., Gdansk 80-233, Poland. Electronic address: 
      klaudia_kosek@wp.pl.
FAU - Polkowska, Zaneta
AU  - Polkowska Z
AD  - Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk University of 
      Technology, 11/12 Narutowicza St., Gdansk 80-233, Poland. Electronic address: 
      zanpolko@pg.gda.pl.
FAU - Zyszka, Beata
AU  - Zyszka B
AD  - Department of Analytical and Ecological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Opole 
      University, Oleska 48 St., Opole 45-052, Poland. Electronic address: 
      bzyszka@uni.opole.pl.
FAU - Lipok, Jacek
AU  - Lipok J
AD  - Department of Analytical and Ecological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Opole 
      University, Oleska 48 St., Opole 45-052, Poland. Electronic address: 
      jalip@uni.opole.pl.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Review
DEP - 20160202
PL  - England
TA  - J Environ Manage
JT  - Journal of environmental management
JID - 0401664
RN  - 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical)
SB  - IM
MH  - Antarctic Regions
MH  - Arctic Regions
MH  - Bryophyta/growth & development
MH  - Cold Climate
MH  - Cyanobacteria/*growth & development
MH  - Ecosystem
MH  - Environmental Monitoring
MH  - Eutrophication
MH  - *Fresh Water/chemistry/microbiology
MH  - Lichens/growth & development
MH  - Phytoplankton/*growth & development
MH  - Water Pollutants, Chemical/*analysis
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Arctic environment
OT  - Cyanobacteria
OT  - Persistent organic pollutants (POPs)
OT  - Phytoplankton communities
EDAT- 2016/02/06 06:00
MHDA- 2016/11/01 06:00
CRDT- 2016/02/06 06:00
PHST- 2015/07/14 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2015/12/23 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2016/01/21 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2016/02/06 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2016/02/06 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2016/11/01 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0301-4797(16)30024-X [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.01.026 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Environ Manage. 2016 Apr 15;171:243-259. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.01.026. 
      Epub 2016 Feb 2.