PMID- 26853601
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20170823
LR  - 20220408
IS  - 1436-6215 (Electronic)
IS  - 1436-6207 (Print)
IS  - 1436-6207 (Linking)
VI  - 56
IP  - 3
DP  - 2017 Apr
TI  - A khorasan wheat-based replacement diet improves risk profile of patients with 
      type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM): a randomized crossover trial.
PG  - 1191-1200
LID - 10.1007/s00394-016-1168-2 [doi]
AB  - PURPOSES: The aim of the present study was to examine whether a replacement diet 
      with products made with organic ancient khorasan wheat could provide additive 
      protective effects in reducing glucose, insulin, lipid and inflammatory risk 
      factors, and in restoring blood redox balance in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) 
      patients compared to diet with product made with modern organic wheat. METHODS: 
      We conducted a randomized, double-blinded crossover trial with two intervention 
      phases on 21 T2DM patients (14 females, 7 males). The participants were assigned 
      to consume products (bread, pasta, crackers and biscuits) made using semi-whole 
      flour from organic wheat that was either from ancient khorasan wheat or modern 
      control wheat for 8 weeks in a random order. An 8-week washout period was 
      implemented between the interventions. Laboratory analyses were performed both at 
      the beginning and at the end of each intervention phase. RESULTS: The metabolic 
      risk profile improved only after the khorasan intervention period, as measured by 
      a reduction in total and LDL cholesterol (mean reduction: -3.7 and -3.4 %, 
      respectively), insulin (-16.3 %) and blood glucose (-9.1 %). Similarly, there was 
      a significant reduction in circulating levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), 
      vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and interleukin-1ra, and a significant 
      increase of total antioxidant capacity (+6.3 %). No significant differences from 
      baseline were noted after the modern control wheat intervention phase. The change 
      (from pre- to post-intervention) between the two intervention arms was 
      significantly different (p < 0.05) for total and LDL-c, insulin and HOMA index. 
      CONCLUSIONS: A replacement diet with ancient khorasan wheat consumption provided 
      additive protection in reducing total and LDL cholesterol, insulin, blood 
      glucose, ROS production, and some inflammatory risk factors, which are all key 
      factors warranting of control in secondary prevention of T2DM compared to a diet 
      with products made with modern wheat.
FAU - Whittaker, Anne
AU  - Whittaker A
AD  - Department of Agrifood Production and Environmental Sciences, University of 
      Florence, Florence, Italy.
FAU - Dinu, Monica
AU  - Dinu M
AD  - Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 
      Florence, Italy. monicadinu89@gmail.com.
FAU - Cesari, Francesca
AU  - Cesari F
AD  - Unit of Atherothrombotic Diseases, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy.
FAU - Gori, Anna Maria
AU  - Gori AM
AD  - Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 
      Florence, Italy.
AD  - Unit of Atherothrombotic Diseases, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy.
FAU - Fiorillo, Claudia
AU  - Fiorillo C
AD  - Department of Clinical and Experimental Biomedical Sciences, University of 
      Florence, Florence, Italy.
FAU - Becatti, Matteo
AU  - Becatti M
AD  - Department of Clinical and Experimental Biomedical Sciences, University of 
      Florence, Florence, Italy.
FAU - Casini, Alessandro
AU  - Casini A
AD  - Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 
      Florence, Italy.
AD  - Unit of Clinical Nutrition, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy.
FAU - Marcucci, Rossella
AU  - Marcucci R
AD  - Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 
      Florence, Italy.
AD  - Unit of Atherothrombotic Diseases, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy.
FAU - Benedettelli, Stefano
AU  - Benedettelli S
AD  - Department of Agrifood Production and Environmental Sciences, University of 
      Florence, Florence, Italy.
FAU - Sofi, Francesco
AU  - Sofi F
AD  - Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 
      Florence, Italy.
AD  - Unit of Clinical Nutrition, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy.
AD  - Don Carlo Gnocchi Foundation Italy, Onlus IRCCS, Florence, Italy.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Randomized Controlled Trial
DEP - 20160208
PL  - Germany
TA  - Eur J Nutr
JT  - European journal of nutrition
JID - 100888704
RN  - 0 (Blood Glucose)
RN  - 0 (Cholesterol, LDL)
RN  - 0 (Insulin)
RN  - 0 (Reactive Oxygen Species)
RN  - 0 (Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A)
SB  - IM
MH  - Aged
MH  - Blood Glucose/metabolism
MH  - Body Mass Index
MH  - Cholesterol, LDL/blood
MH  - Cross-Over Studies
MH  - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/blood/*diet therapy
MH  - *Diet
MH  - Double-Blind Method
MH  - Female
MH  - Flour
MH  - Humans
MH  - Insulin/blood
MH  - Iran
MH  - Life Style
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Oxidative Stress
MH  - Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism
MH  - Risk Factors
MH  - Surveys and Questionnaires
MH  - Triticum/*classification
MH  - Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/metabolism
PMC - PMC5346426
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Ancient wheat
OT  - Glycaemia
OT  - Inflammation cytokines
OT  - Khorasan wheat
OT  - Modern wheat
OT  - Organic wheat
OT  - Oxidative stress
OT  - Secondary prevention
OT  - Type 2 diabetes mellitus
COIS- None.
EDAT- 2016/02/09 06:00
MHDA- 2017/08/24 06:00
PMCR- 2016/02/08
CRDT- 2016/02/09 06:00
PHST- 2015/11/24 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2016/01/26 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2016/02/09 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/08/24 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2016/02/09 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2016/02/08 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1007/s00394-016-1168-2 [pii]
AID - 1168 [pii]
AID - 10.1007/s00394-016-1168-2 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Eur J Nutr. 2017 Apr;56(3):1191-1200. doi: 10.1007/s00394-016-1168-2. Epub 2016 
      Feb 8.