PMID- 26872419
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20170201
LR  - 20181113
IS  - 1090-2139 (Electronic)
IS  - 0889-1591 (Print)
IS  - 0889-1591 (Linking)
VI  - 54
DP  - 2016 May
TI  - Peripheral viral infection induced microglial sensome genes and enhanced 
      microglial cell activity in the hippocampus of neonatal piglets.
PG  - 243-251
LID - S0889-1591(16)30031-9 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.bbi.2016.02.010 [doi]
AB  - Although poorly understood, early-life infection is predicted to affect brain 
      microglial cells, making them hypersensitive to subsequent stimuli. To 
      investigate this, we assessed gene expression in hippocampal tissue obtained from 
      a previously published study reporting increased microglial cell activity and 
      reduced hippocampal-dependent learning in neonatal piglets infected with porcine 
      reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), a virus that induces 
      interstitial pneumonia. Infection altered expression of 455 genes, of which 334 
      were up-regulated and 121 were down-regulated. Functional annotation revealed 
      that immune function genes were enriched among the up-regulated differentially 
      expressed genes (DEGs), whereas calcium binding and synaptic vesicle genes were 
      enriched among the down-regulated DEGs. Twenty-six genes encoding part of the 
      microglia sensory apparatus (i.e., the sensome) were up-regulated (e.g., IL1R1, 
      TLR2, and TLR4), whereas 15 genes associated with the synaptosome and synaptic 
      receptors (e.g., NPTX2, GABRA2, and SLC5A7) were down-regulated. As the sensome 
      may foretell microglia reactivity, we next inoculated piglets with culture medium 
      or PRRSV at PD 7 and assessed hippocampal microglia morphology and function at PD 
      28 when signs of infection were waning. Consistent with amplification of the 
      sensome, microglia from PRRSV piglets had enhanced responsiveness to 
      chemoattractants, increased phagocytic activity, and secreted more TNFalpha in 
      response to lipopolysaccharide and Poly I:C. Immunohistochemical staining 
      indicated PRRSV infection increased microglia soma length and length-to-width 
      ratio. Bipolar rod-like microglia not evident in hippocampus of control piglets, 
      were present in infected piglets. Collectively, this study suggests early-life 
      infection alters the microglia sensome as well as microglial cell morphology and 
      function.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
FAU - Ji, Peng
AU  - Ji P
AD  - Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA.
FAU - Schachtschneider, Kyle M
AU  - Schachtschneider KM
AD  - Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA; Animal 
      Breeding and Genomics Center, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
FAU - Schook, Lawrence B
AU  - Schook LB
AD  - Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA; Institute 
      for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA.
FAU - Walker, Frederick R
AU  - Walker FR
AD  - School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, 
      Australia.
FAU - Johnson, Rodney W
AU  - Johnson RW
AD  - Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA; Division 
      of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA. Electronic 
      address: rwjohn@illinois.edu.
LA  - eng
GR  - R01 HD069899/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01HD069899/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20160209
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Brain Behav Immun
JT  - Brain, behavior, and immunity
JID - 8800478
RN  - 0 (Cytokines)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Brain/immunology
MH  - Cytokines/immunology
MH  - Disease Models, Animal
MH  - Gene Expression
MH  - Gene Expression Profiling
MH  - Hippocampus/metabolism/*pathology/virology
MH  - Microglia/metabolism/*physiology/*virology
MH  - Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory 
      Syndrome/genetics/metabolism/*pathology/therapy
MH  - Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus/isolation & purification
MH  - Swine
MH  - Transcriptome/genetics
PMC - PMC4828316
MID - NIHMS763982
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Hippocampus
OT  - Infection
OT  - Microglia
OT  - Perinatal
OT  - Sensome
OT  - Synapse
EDAT- 2016/02/14 06:00
MHDA- 2017/02/02 06:00
PMCR- 2017/05/01
CRDT- 2016/02/14 06:00
PHST- 2015/12/30 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2016/02/08 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2016/02/09 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2016/02/14 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2016/02/14 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/02/02 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2017/05/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - S0889-1591(16)30031-9 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.bbi.2016.02.010 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Brain Behav Immun. 2016 May;54:243-251. doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2016.02.010. Epub 2016 
      Feb 9.