PMID- 26873608
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20180316
LR  - 20240327
IS  - 1552-4981 (Electronic)
IS  - 1552-4973 (Print)
IS  - 1552-4973 (Linking)
VI  - 105
IP  - 5
DP  - 2017 Jul
TI  - Synthesis and characterization of in situ forming anionic hydrogel as vitreous 
      substitutes.
PG  - 977-988
LID - 10.1002/jbm.b.33632 [doi]
AB  - The natural vitreous is a biological hydrogel consisting primarily of a collagen 
      and anionic hyaluronate. It is surgically removed in many ocular diseases and 
      replaced with fluids, gases, or silicone oils. We have been interested in 
      developing synthetic hydrogels as vitreous substitutes. In this study, we 
      combined the stiffness and hydrophobicity of polymethacrylamide (PMAM) and the 
      anionic nature of polymethacrylate (PMAA) to make copolymers that would mimic the 
      natural vitreous. We used bis-methacryloyl cystamine (BMAC) to introduce thiol 
      groups for reversible crosslink. The M(n) of copolymers ranged from  approximately 100 k to 
       approximately 200 k Da (polydisperisty index of 1.47-2.63) and their composition as determined 
      by titration, (1) H NMR and disulfide test were close to the feed ratio. The 
      reactivities of monomers were as follows: MAM > MAA  approximately  BMAC. Copolymers with 
      higher MAA contents gelled faster, swelled more, and had higher storage modulus 
      (1.5 to 100 Pa) comparable to that of the natural vitreous. We evaluated the 
      biocompatibility of copolymers by electric cell-substrate impedance sensing 
      (ECIS) using human retinal pigment epithelial cells, primary porcine retinal 
      pigmented epithelial cells, human microvascular endothelial cells adult dermis, 
      and a fibroblast line 3T3. The biocompatibility decreases as the content of BMAC 
      increases. (c) 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl 
      Biomater, 105B: 977-988, 2017.
CI  - (c) 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
FAU - Liang, Jue
AU  - Liang J
AD  - Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, WA University School of 
      Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri.
FAU - Struckhoff, Jessica J
AU  - Struckhoff JJ
AD  - Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, WA University School of 
      Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri.
FAU - Du, Hongwei
AU  - Du H
AD  - Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, WA University School of 
      Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri.
FAU - Hamilton, Paul D
AU  - Hamilton PD
AD  - Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, WA University School of 
      Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri.
FAU - Ravi, Nathan
AU  - Ravi N
AD  - Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, WA University School of 
      Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri.
AD  - Department of Energy, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, WA University in 
      St. Louis, Saint Louis, Missouri.
AD  - Department of Research, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Saint Louis, Missouri.
LA  - eng
GR  - I01 RX000657/RX/RRD VA/United States
GR  - P30 EY002687/EY/NEI NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 EY021620/EY/NEI NIH HHS/United States
GR  - T32 EY013360/EY/NEI NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
DEP - 20160213
PL  - United States
TA  - J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater
JT  - Journal of biomedical materials research. Part B, Applied biomaterials
JID - 101234238
RN  - 0 (Hydrogels)
RN  - 0 (Polymethacrylic Acids)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Epithelial Cells/cytology/*metabolism
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Hydrogels/chemical synthesis/chemistry/pharmacology
MH  - *Materials Testing
MH  - Mice
MH  - NIH 3T3 Cells
MH  - *Polymethacrylic Acids/chemical synthesis/chemistry/pharmacology
MH  - Retinal Pigment Epithelium/cytology/*metabolism
MH  - Swine
MH  - *Vitreous Body
PMC - PMC5654599
MID - NIHMS895795
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - ECIS
OT  - in situ forming hydrogel
OT  - reversible crosslink
OT  - vitreous substitute
EDAT- 2016/02/14 06:00
MHDA- 2018/03/17 06:00
PMCR- 2018/07/01
CRDT- 2016/02/14 06:00
PHST- 2015/08/28 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2015/12/14 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2016/01/16 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2016/02/14 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2018/03/17 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2016/02/14 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2018/07/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1002/jbm.b.33632 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater. 2017 Jul;105(5):977-988. doi: 
      10.1002/jbm.b.33632. Epub 2016 Feb 13.