PMID- 26880838 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20161213 LR - 20190130 IS - 1471-2970 (Electronic) IS - 0962-8436 (Print) IS - 0962-8436 (Linking) VI - 371 IP - 1689 DP - 2016 Mar 5 TI - Infectious diseases of marine molluscs and host responses as revealed by genomic tools. LID - 10.1098/rstb.2015.0206 [doi] LID - 20150206 AB - More and more infectious diseases affect marine molluscs. Some diseases have impacted commercial species including MSX and Dermo of the eastern oyster, QPX of hard clams, withering syndrome of abalone and ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1) infections of many molluscs. Although the exact transmission mechanisms are not well understood, human activities and associated environmental changes often correlate with increased disease prevalence. For instance, hatcheries and large-scale aquaculture create high host densities, which, along with increasing ocean temperature, might have contributed to OsHV-1 epizootics in scallops and oysters. A key to understanding linkages between the environment and disease is to understand how the environment affects the host immune system. Although we might be tempted to downplay the role of immunity in invertebrates, recent advances in genomics have provided insights into host and parasite genomes and revealed surprisingly sophisticated innate immune systems in molluscs. All major innate immune pathways are found in molluscs with many immune receptors, regulators and effectors expanded. The expanded gene families provide great diversity and complexity in innate immune response, which may be key to mollusc's defence against diverse pathogens in the absence of adaptive immunity. Further advances in host and parasite genomics should improve our understanding of genetic variation in parasite virulence and host disease resistance. CI - (c) 2016 The Author(s). FAU - Guo, Ximing AU - Guo X AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6758-2709 AD - Haskin Shellfish Research Laboratory, Department of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers University, 6959 Miller Avenue, Port Norris, NJ 08349, USA xguo@hsrl.rutgers.edu. FAU - Ford, Susan E AU - Ford SE AD - Haskin Shellfish Research Laboratory, Department of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers University, 6959 Miller Avenue, Port Norris, NJ 08349, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. PT - Review PL - England TA - Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci JT - Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences JID - 7503623 SB - IM MH - Animals MH - Genomics/*methods MH - Host-Pathogen Interactions MH - Mollusca/immunology/*microbiology PMC - PMC4760136 OTO - NOTNLM OT - aquaculture OT - genomics OT - immune response OT - marine diseases OT - mollusc OT - parasites EDAT- 2016/02/18 06:00 MHDA- 2016/12/15 06:00 PMCR- 2017/03/05 CRDT- 2016/02/17 06:00 PHST- 2016/02/17 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2016/02/18 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2016/12/15 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2017/03/05 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - rstb.2015.0206 [pii] AID - rstb20150206 [pii] AID - 10.1098/rstb.2015.0206 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2016 Mar 5;371(1689):20150206. doi: 10.1098/rstb.2015.0206.