PMID- 26886558
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20160720
LR  - 20190222
IS  - 1932-6203 (Electronic)
IS  - 1932-6203 (Linking)
VI  - 11
IP  - 2
DP  - 2016
TI  - Development of Bifunctional Gadolinium-Labeled Superparamagnetic Nanoparticles 
      (Gd-MnMEIO) for In Vivo MR Imaging of the Liver in an Animal Model.
PG  - e0148695
LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0148695 [doi]
LID - e0148695
AB  - Liver tumors are common and imaging methods, particularly magnetic resonance 
      imaging (MRI), play an important role in their non-invasive diagnosis. Previous 
      studies have shown that detection of liver tumors can be improved by injection of 
      two different MR contrast agents. Here, we developed a new contrast agent, 
      Gd-manganese-doped magnetism-engineered iron oxide (Gd-MnMEIO), with enhancement 
      effects on both T1- and T2-weighted MR images of the liver. A 3.0T clinical MR 
      scanner equipped with transmit/receiver coil for mouse was used to obtain both 
      T1-weighted spoiled gradient-echo and T2-weighted fast spin-echo axial images of 
      the liver before and after intravenous contrast agent injection into Balb/c mice 
      with and without tumors. After pre-contrast scanning, six mice per group were 
      intravenously injected with 0.1 mmol/kg Gd-MnMEIO, or the control agents, i.e., 
      Gd-DTPA or SPIO. The scanning time points for T1-weighted images were 0.5, 5, 10, 
      15, 20, 25, and 30 min after contrast administration. The post-enhanced 
      T2-weighted images were then acquired immediately after T1-weighted acquisition. 
      We found that T1-weighted images were positively enhanced by both Gd-DTPA and 
      Gd-MnMEIO and negatively enhanced by SPIO. The enhancement by both Gd-DTPA and 
      Gd-MnMEIO peaked at 0.5 min and gradually declined thereafter. Gd-MnMEIO (like 
      Gd-DTPA) enhanced T1-weighted images and (like SPIO) T2-weighted images. Marked 
      vascular enhancement was clearly visible on dynamic T1-weighted images with 
      Gd-MnMEIO. In addition, the T2 signal was significantly decreased at 30 min after 
      administration of Gd-MnMEIO. Whereas the effects of Gd-MnMEIO and SPIO on 
      T2-weighted images were similar (p = 0.5824), those of Gd-MnMEIO and Gd-DTPA 
      differed, with Gd-MnMEIO having a significant T2 contrast effect (p = 0.0086). 
      Our study confirms the feasibility of synthesizing an MR contrast agent with both 
      T1 and T2 shortening effects and using such an agent in vivo. This agent enables 
      tumor detection and characterization in single liver MRI sections.
FAU - Kuo, Yu-Ting
AU  - Kuo YT
AD  - Department of Medical Imaging, Chi Mei Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan.
AD  - Department of Organ Transplantation Center, Kaohsiung Medical University 
      Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
AD  - Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 
      Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
FAU - Chen, Chiao-Yun
AU  - Chen CY
AD  - Department of Medical Imaging, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, 
      Taiwan.
AD  - Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 
      Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
FAU - Liu, Gin-Chung
AU  - Liu GC
AD  - Department of Medical Imaging, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, 
      Taiwan.
AD  - Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 
      Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
FAU - Wang, Yun-Ming
AU  - Wang YM
AD  - Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, 
      Hsinchu, Taiwan.
AD  - Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical 
      University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20160217
PL  - United States
TA  - PLoS One
JT  - PloS one
JID - 101285081
RN  - 0 (Contrast Media)
RN  - 0 (Magnetite Nanoparticles)
RN  - 42Z2K6ZL8P (Manganese)
RN  - K2I13DR72L (Gadolinium DTPA)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Cell Line, Tumor
MH  - Contrast Media/administration & dosage
MH  - Disease Models, Animal
MH  - Dynamic Light Scattering
MH  - Gadolinium DTPA/*administration & dosage
MH  - Injections, Intravenous
MH  - Liver/*pathology
MH  - Liver Neoplasms/diagnosis/pathology
MH  - Magnetic Resonance Imaging/*methods
MH  - Magnetite Nanoparticles/*administration & dosage
MH  - Manganese/*administration & dosage
MH  - Mice, Inbred BALB C
MH  - Staining and Labeling
MH  - Static Electricity
MH  - Time Factors
PMC - PMC4757547
COIS- Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
EDAT- 2016/02/18 06:00
MHDA- 2016/07/21 06:00
PMCR- 2016/02/17
CRDT- 2016/02/18 06:00
PHST- 2015/08/30 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2016/01/20 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2016/02/18 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2016/02/18 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2016/07/21 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2016/02/17 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - PONE-D-15-33843 [pii]
AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0148695 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - PLoS One. 2016 Feb 17;11(2):e0148695. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0148695. 
      eCollection 2016.