PMID- 26909080
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
DCOM- 20160224
LR  - 20181113
IS  - 1664-3224 (Print)
IS  - 1664-3224 (Electronic)
IS  - 1664-3224 (Linking)
VI  - 7
DP  - 2016
TI  - The Non-structural Protein 5 and Matrix Protein Are Antigenic Targets of T Cell 
      Immunity to Genotype 1 Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Viruses.
PG  - 40
LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2016.00040 [doi]
LID - 40
AB  - The porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is the cause of 
      one of the most economically important diseases affecting swine worldwide. 
      Efforts to develop a next-generation vaccine have largely focused on envelope 
      glycoproteins to target virus-neutralizing antibody responses. However, these 
      approaches have failed to demonstrate the necessary efficacy to progress toward 
      market. T cells are crucial to the control of many viruses through cytolysis and 
      cytokine secretion. Since control of PRRSV infection is not dependent on the 
      development of neutralizing antibodies, it has been proposed that T cell-mediated 
      immunity plays a key role. Therefore, we hypothesized that conserved T cell 
      antigens represent prime candidates for the development a novel PRRS vaccine. 
      Antigens were identified by screening a proteome-wide synthetic peptide library 
      with T cells from cohorts of pigs rendered immune by experimental infections with 
      a closely related (subtype 1) or divergent (subtype 3) PRRSV-1 strain. Dominant T 
      cell IFN-gamma responses were directed against the non-structural protein 5 (NSP5), 
      and to a lesser extent, the matrix (M) protein. The majority of NSP5-specific CD8 
      T cells and M-specific CD4 T cells expressed a putative effector memory phenotype 
      and were polyfunctional as assessed by coexpression of TNF-alpha and mobilization of 
      the cytotoxic degranulation marker CD107a. Both antigens were generally well 
      conserved among strains of both PRRSV genotypes. Thus, M and NSP5 represent 
      attractive vaccine candidate T cell antigens, which should be evaluated further 
      in the context of PRRSV vaccine development.
FAU - Mokhtar, Helen
AU  - Mokhtar H
AD  - Virology Department, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Addlestone, UK; Department 
      of Microbial and Cellular Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK.
FAU - Pedrera, Miriam
AU  - Pedrera M
AD  - Virology Department, Animal and Plant Health Agency , Addlestone , UK.
FAU - Frossard, Jean-Pierre
AU  - Frossard JP
AD  - Virology Department, Animal and Plant Health Agency , Addlestone , UK.
FAU - Biffar, Lucia
AU  - Biffar L
AD  - Virology Department, Animal and Plant Health Agency , Addlestone , UK.
FAU - Hammer, Sabine E
AU  - Hammer SE
AD  - Department of Pathobiology, Institute of Immunology, University of Veterinary 
      Medicine Vienna , Vienna , Austria.
FAU - Kvisgaard, Lise K
AU  - Kvisgaard LK
AD  - National Veterinary Institute, Technical University of Denmark , Frederiksberg , 
      Denmark.
FAU - Larsen, Lars E
AU  - Larsen LE
AD  - National Veterinary Institute, Technical University of Denmark , Frederiksberg , 
      Denmark.
FAU - Stewart, Graham R
AU  - Stewart GR
AD  - Department of Microbial and Cellular Sciences, University of Surrey , Guildford , 
      UK.
FAU - Somavarapu, Satyanarayana
AU  - Somavarapu S
AD  - School of Pharmacy, University College London , London , UK.
FAU - Steinbach, Falko
AU  - Steinbach F
AD  - Virology Department, Animal and Plant Health Agency , Addlestone , UK.
FAU - Graham, Simon P
AU  - Graham SP
AD  - Virology Department, Animal and Plant Health Agency , Addlestone , UK.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20160216
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Front Immunol
JT  - Frontiers in immunology
JID - 101560960
PMC - PMC4755262
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - IFN-gamma
OT  - T cell
OT  - antigen identification
OT  - phenotype and function
OT  - porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus
OT  - vaccine
EDAT- 2016/02/26 06:00
MHDA- 2016/02/26 06:01
PMCR- 2016/01/01
CRDT- 2016/02/25 06:00
PHST- 2015/10/29 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2016/01/26 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2016/02/25 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2016/02/26 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2016/02/26 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2016/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2016.00040 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Front Immunol. 2016 Feb 16;7:40. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2016.00040. eCollection 2016.