PMID- 26920481 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20161227 LR - 20161230 IS - 1879-0909 (Electronic) IS - 0141-0229 (Linking) VI - 85 DP - 2016 Apr TI - Metabolic networks to generate pyruvate, PEP and ATP from glycerol in Pseudomonas fluorescens. PG - 51-6 LID - S0141-0229(16)30007-2 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2016.01.007 [doi] AB - Glycerol is a major by-product of the biodiesel industry. In this study we report on the metabolic networks involved in its transformation into pyruvate, phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) and ATP. When the nutritionally-versatile Pseudomonas fluorescens was exposed to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in a mineral medium with glycerol as the sole carbon source, the microbe reconfigured its metabolism to generate adenosine triphosphate (ATP) primarily via substrate-level phosphorylation (SLP). This alternative ATP-producing stratagem resulted in the synthesis of copious amounts of PEP and pyruvate. The production of these metabolites was mediated via the enhanced activities of such enzymes as pyruvate carboxylase (PC) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC). The high energy PEP was subsequently converted into ATP with the aid of pyruvate phosphate dikinase (PPDK), phosphoenolpyruvate synthase (PEPS) and pyruvate kinase (PK) with the concomitant formation of pyruvate. The participation of the phospho-transfer enzymes like adenylate kinase (AK) and acetate kinase (ACK) ensured the efficiency of this O2-independent energy-generating machinery. The increased activity of glycerol dehydrogenase (GDH) in the stressed bacteria provided the necessary precursors to fuel this process. This H2O2-induced anaerobic life-style fortuitously evokes metabolic networks to an effective pathway that can be harnessed into the synthesis of ATP, PEP and pyruvate. The bioconversion of glycerol to pyruvate will offer interesting economic benefit. CI - Copyright (c) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Alhasawi, Azhar AU - Alhasawi A AD - Faculty of Science and Engineering, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E2C6, Canada. FAU - Thomas, Sean C AU - Thomas SC AD - Faculty of Science and Engineering, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E2C6, Canada. FAU - Appanna, Vasu D AU - Appanna VD AD - Faculty of Science and Engineering, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E2C6, Canada. Electronic address: vappanna@laurentian.ca. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20160121 PL - United States TA - Enzyme Microb Technol JT - Enzyme and microbial technology JID - 8003761 RN - 0 (Bacterial Proteins) RN - 0 (Biofuels) RN - 0 (Electron Transport Chain Complex Proteins) RN - 73-89-2 (Phosphoenolpyruvate) RN - 8558G7RUTR (Pyruvic Acid) RN - 8L70Q75FXE (Adenosine Triphosphate) RN - BBX060AN9V (Hydrogen Peroxide) RN - PDC6A3C0OX (Glycerol) SB - IM MH - Adenosine Triphosphate/*metabolism MH - Bacterial Proteins/metabolism MH - Biofuels MH - Citric Acid Cycle MH - Electron Transport Chain Complex Proteins/metabolism MH - Glycerol/*metabolism MH - Hydrogen Peroxide/metabolism/pharmacology MH - Metabolic Networks and Pathways/drug effects MH - Oxidative Stress MH - Phosphoenolpyruvate/*metabolism MH - Pseudomonas fluorescens/drug effects/growth & development/*metabolism MH - Pyruvic Acid/*metabolism OTO - NOTNLM OT - ATP OT - Bioconversion OT - Biodiesel OT - Glycerol OT - Metabolic networks OT - PEP OT - Pyruvate EDAT- 2016/02/28 06:00 MHDA- 2016/12/28 06:00 CRDT- 2016/02/28 06:00 PHST- 2015/11/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2016/01/07 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2016/01/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2016/02/28 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2016/02/28 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2016/12/28 06:00 [medline] AID - S0141-0229(16)30007-2 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2016.01.007 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Enzyme Microb Technol. 2016 Apr;85:51-6. doi: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2016.01.007. Epub 2016 Jan 21.