PMID- 26930201
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20160726
LR  - 20220408
IS  - 1932-6203 (Electronic)
IS  - 1932-6203 (Linking)
VI  - 11
IP  - 3
DP  - 2016
TI  - Safety of Levetiracetam in Paediatrics: A Systematic Review.
PG  - e0149686
LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0149686 [doi]
LID - e0149686
AB  - OBJECTIVE: To identify adverse events (AEs) associated with Levetiracetam (LEV) 
      in children. METHODS: Databases EMBASE (1974-February 2015) and Medline 
      (1946-February 2015) were searched for articles in which paediatric patients (</=18 
      years) received LEV treatment for epilepsy. All studies with reports on safety 
      were included. Studies involving adults, mixed age population (i.e. children and 
      adults) in which the paediatric subpopulation was not sufficiently described, 
      were excluded. A meta-analysis of the RCTs was carried out and association 
      between the commonly reported AEs or treatment discontinuation and the type of 
      regimen (polytherapy or monotherapy) was determined using Chi2 analysis. RESULTS: 
      Sixty seven articles involving 3,174 paediatric patients were identified. A total 
      of 1,913 AEs were reported across studies. The most common AEs were behavioural 
      problems and somnolence, which accounted for 10.9% and 8.4% of all AEs in 
      prospective studies. 21 prospective studies involving 1120 children stated the 
      number of children experiencing AEs. 47% of these children experienced AEs. 
      Significantly more children experienced AEs with polytherapy (64%) than 
      monotherapy (22%) (p<0.001). Levetiracetam was discontinued in 4.5% of all 
      children on polytherapy and 0.9% on monotherapy (p<0.001), the majority were due 
      to behavioural problems. CONCLUSION: Behavioural problems and somnolence were the 
      most prevalent adverse events to LEV and the most common causes of treatment 
      discontinuation. Children on polytherapy have a greater risk of adverse events 
      than those receiving monotherapy.
FAU - Egunsola, Oluwaseun
AU  - Egunsola O
AD  - Division of Medical Sciences and Graduate Entry Medicine, School of Medicine, 
      University of Nottingham, Royal Derby Hospital, Derby, DE22 3DT, United Kingdom.
FAU - Choonara, Imti
AU  - Choonara I
AD  - Division of Medical Sciences and Graduate Entry Medicine, School of Medicine, 
      University of Nottingham, Royal Derby Hospital, Derby, DE22 3DT, United Kingdom.
FAU - Sammons, Helen Mary
AU  - Sammons HM
AD  - Division of Medical Sciences and Graduate Entry Medicine, School of Medicine, 
      University of Nottingham, Royal Derby Hospital, Derby, DE22 3DT, United Kingdom.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Meta-Analysis
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Review
PT  - Systematic Review
DEP - 20160301
PL  - United States
TA  - PLoS One
JT  - PloS one
JID - 101285081
RN  - 0 (Anticonvulsants)
RN  - 44YRR34555 (Levetiracetam)
RN  - ZH516LNZ10 (Piracetam)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Anticonvulsants/*adverse effects
MH  - Child
MH  - Disorders of Excessive Somnolence/chemically induced
MH  - Epilepsy/*drug therapy
MH  - Humans
MH  - Levetiracetam
MH  - Mental Disorders/chemically induced
MH  - Outcome Assessment, Health Care
MH  - Piracetam/adverse effects/*analogs & derivatives
MH  - Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
PMC - PMC4773020
COIS- Competing Interests: IC is an Academic Editor for PlosoNe. This does not alter 
      the authors' adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.
EDAT- 2016/03/02 06:00
MHDA- 2016/07/28 06:00
PMCR- 2016/03/01
CRDT- 2016/03/02 06:00
PHST- 2015/10/06 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2016/02/02 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2016/03/02 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2016/03/02 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2016/07/28 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2016/03/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - PONE-D-15-43649 [pii]
AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0149686 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - PLoS One. 2016 Mar 1;11(3):e0149686. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0149686. 
      eCollection 2016.