PMID- 26946303
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20170407
LR  - 20220318
IS  - 1434-4726 (Electronic)
IS  - 0937-4477 (Linking)
VI  - 273
IP  - 11
DP  - 2016 Nov
TI  - Haemophilus influenzae biofilm formation in chronic otitis media with effusion.
PG  - 3553-3560
AB  - Otitis media with effusion (OME) is a highly prevalent disease in children, but 
      the exact pathogenesis and role of bacteria are still not well understood. This 
      study aimed to investigate the presence of otopathogenic bacteria in the middle 
      ear effusion (MEE) and adenoid of children with chronic OME (COME), and to 
      investigate in vivo whether these bacteria, especially Haemophilus influenzae, 
      are organized as a biofilm in the middle ear fluid. MEE and adenoid samples were 
      collected from 21 patients with COME. Extensive bacterial culturing and 
      genotyping was performed on all middle ear and adenoid samples. Fluorescence in 
      situ hybridization (FISH) and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) was used 
      to visualize possible biofilm structures for a selection of middle ear effusion 
      samples. 34 MEE samples were collected from 21 patients of which 64.7 % were 
      culture positive for bacteria and 47.0 % were culture positive for Haemophilus 
      influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis, Staphylococcus aureus and/or Streptococcus 
      pneumoniae. All 21 adenoid samples were culture positive for one or more of these 
      four otopathogens. H. influenzae (35.3 %) and S. pneumoniae (76.2 %) were the 
      most frequently cultured bacteria in the MEE and adenoid samples, respectively. 
      The same bacterial species was found in MEE and adenoid for 84.6 % of the 
      patients and in 81.2 % of the cases where the same species was found in more than 
      one site it involved the same bacterial genotype. FISH and CLSM demonstrated the 
      presence of H. influenzae specific biofilm structures in five of the eight 
      culture positive MEEs that were tested, but in none of the two culture negative 
      MEEs. The findings in this study indicate that the adenoid acts as a reservoir 
      for bacteria in MEE and confirms that biofilms, in at least half of the cases 
      consisting of H. influenzae, are indeed present in the MEE of children with COME. 
      Biofilms may thus play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of COME, which is 
      important in the understanding of this disease and the development of potential 
      future treatment options.
FAU - Van Hoecke, Helen
AU  - Van Hoecke H
AD  - Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Ghent University Hospital, De Pintelaan 185, 
      9000, Ghent, Belgium. helen.vanhoecke@ugent.be.
FAU - De Paepe, Ann-Sophie
AU  - De Paepe AS
AD  - Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
FAU - Lambert, Edward
AU  - Lambert E
AD  - Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
FAU - Van Belleghem, Jonas D
AU  - Van Belleghem JD
AD  - Laboratory Bacteriology Research, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Microbiology 
      and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, 
      Belgium.
FAU - Cools, Piet
AU  - Cools P
AD  - Laboratory Bacteriology Research, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Microbiology 
      and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, 
      Belgium.
FAU - Van Simaey, Leen
AU  - Van Simaey L
AD  - Laboratory Bacteriology Research, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Microbiology 
      and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, 
      Belgium.
FAU - Deschaght, Pieter
AU  - Deschaght P
AD  - Laboratory Bacteriology Research, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Microbiology 
      and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, 
      Belgium.
FAU - Vaneechoutte, Mario
AU  - Vaneechoutte M
AD  - Laboratory Bacteriology Research, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Microbiology 
      and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, 
      Belgium.
FAU - Dhooge, Ingeborg
AU  - Dhooge I
AD  - Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Ghent University Hospital, De Pintelaan 185, 
      9000, Ghent, Belgium.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20160305
PL  - Germany
TA  - Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol
JT  - European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European 
      Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the 
      German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery
JID - 9002937
SB  - IM
MH  - Adenoids/microbiology
MH  - Biofilms/*growth & development
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Chronic Disease
MH  - Ear, Middle/microbiology
MH  - Female
MH  - Genotype
MH  - Haemophilus influenzae/isolation & purification/*physiology
MH  - Humans
MH  - In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence
MH  - Infant
MH  - Male
MH  - Microscopy, Confocal
MH  - Moraxella catarrhalis/isolation & purification/physiology
MH  - Otitis Media with Effusion/*microbiology
MH  - Staphylococcus aureus/isolation & purification/physiology
MH  - Streptococcus pneumoniae/isolation & purification/physiology
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Biofilm
OT  - Chronic otitis media with effusion (COME)
OT  - Confocal scanning laser microscopy (CLSM)
OT  - Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH)
OT  - Haemophilus influenzae
EDAT- 2016/03/08 06:00
MHDA- 2017/04/08 06:00
CRDT- 2016/03/07 06:00
PHST- 2015/12/15 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2016/02/29 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2016/03/08 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/04/08 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2016/03/07 06:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1007/s00405-016-3958-9 [pii]
AID - 10.1007/s00405-016-3958-9 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2016 Nov;273(11):3553-3560. doi: 
      10.1007/s00405-016-3958-9. Epub 2016 Mar 5.