PMID- 26947296
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20170421
LR  - 20181202
IS  - 1525-3198 (Electronic)
IS  - 0022-0302 (Linking)
VI  - 99
IP  - 5
DP  - 2016 May
TI  - The potential of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy of milk samples to 
      predict energy intake and efficiency in dairy cows.
PG  - 4056-4070
LID - S0022-0302(16)30008-X [pii]
LID - 10.3168/jds.2015-10051 [doi]
AB  - Knowledge of animal-level and herd-level energy intake, energy balance, and feed 
      efficiency affect day-to-day herd management strategies; information on these 
      traits at an individual animal level is also useful in animal breeding programs. 
      A paucity of data (especially at the individual cow level), of feed intake in 
      particular, hinders the inclusion of such attributes in herd management 
      decision-support tools and breeding programs. Dairy producers have access to an 
      individual cow milk sample at least once daily during lactation, and consequently 
      any low-cost phenotyping strategy should consider exploiting measureable 
      properties in this biological sample, reflecting the physiological status and 
      performance of the cow. Infrared spectroscopy is the study of the interaction of 
      an electromagnetic wave with matter and it is used globally to predict milk 
      quality parameters on routinely acquired individual cow milk samples and bulk 
      tank samples. Thus, exploiting infrared spectroscopy in next-generation 
      phenotyping will ensure potentially rapid application globally with a negligible 
      additional implementation cost as the infrastructure already exists. 
      Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIRS) analysis is already used to 
      predict milk fat and protein concentrations, the ratio of which has been proposed 
      as an indicator of energy balance. Milk FTIRS is also able to predict the 
      concentration of various fatty acids in milk, the composition of which is known 
      to change when body tissue is mobilized; that is, when the cow is in negative 
      energy balance. Energy balance is mathematically very similar to residual energy 
      intake (REI), a suggested measure of feed efficiency. Therefore, the prediction 
      of energy intake, energy balance, and feed efficiency (i.e., REI) from milk FTIRS 
      seems logical. In fact, the accuracy of predicting (i.e., correlation between 
      predicted and actual values; root mean square error in parentheses) energy 
      intake, energy balance, and REI from milk FTIRS in dairy cows was 0.88 (20.0MJ), 
      0.78 (18.6MJ), and 0.63 (22.0MJ), respectively, based on cross-validation. These 
      studies, however, are limited to results from one research group based on data 
      from 2 contrasting production systems in the United Kingdom and Ireland and would 
      need to be replicated, especially in a range of production systems because the 
      prediction equations are not accurate when the variability used in validation is 
      not represented in the calibration data set. Heritable genetic variation exists 
      for all predicted traits. Phenotypic differences in energy intake also exists 
      among animals stratified based on genetic merit for energy intake predicted from 
      milk FTIRS, substantiating the usefulness of such FTIR-predicted phenotypes not 
      only for day-to-day herd management, but also as part of a breeding strategy to 
      improve cow performance.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2016 American Dairy Science Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. 
      All rights reserved.
FAU - McParland, S
AU  - McParland S
AD  - Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation Center, Teagasc, Moorepark, Fermoy, 
      Co. Cork, Ireland. Electronic address: sinead.mcparland@teagasc.ie.
FAU - Berry, D P
AU  - Berry DP
AD  - Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation Center, Teagasc, Moorepark, Fermoy, 
      Co. Cork, Ireland.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
PL  - United States
TA  - J Dairy Sci
JT  - Journal of dairy science
JID - 2985126R
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Cattle/*physiology
MH  - Dairying/instrumentation/*methods
MH  - *Energy Intake
MH  - *Energy Metabolism
MH  - Female
MH  - Milk/*chemistry
MH  - Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared/*veterinary
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - chemometrics
OT  - efficiency
OT  - energy intake
OT  - residual feed intake
OT  - spectroscopy
EDAT- 2016/03/08 06:00
MHDA- 2017/04/22 06:00
CRDT- 2016/03/08 06:00
PHST- 2015/07/02 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2016/01/14 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2016/03/08 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2016/03/08 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/04/22 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0022-0302(16)30008-X [pii]
AID - 10.3168/jds.2015-10051 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Dairy Sci. 2016 May;99(5):4056-4070. doi: 10.3168/jds.2015-10051.