PMID- 26961593
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20170926
LR  - 20180420
IS  - 1567-7257 (Electronic)
IS  - 1567-1348 (Linking)
VI  - 40
DP  - 2016 Jun
TI  - ORF5 of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is a target 
      of diversifying selection as infection progresses from acute infection to virus 
      rebound.
PG  - 167-175
LID - S1567-1348(16)30072-7 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.meegid.2016.03.002 [doi]
AB  - Genetic variation in both structural and nonstructural genes is a key factor in 
      the capacity of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) to 
      evade host defenses and maintain within animals, farms and metapopulations. 
      However, the exact mechanisms by which genetic variation contribute to immune 
      evasion remain unclear. In a study to understand the role of host genetics in 
      disease resistance, a population of pigs were experimentally infected with a type 
      2 PRRSV isolate. Four pigs that showed virus rebound at 42days post-infection 
      (dpi) were analyzed by 454 sequencing to characterize the rebound quasispecies. 
      Deep sequencing of variable regions in nsp1, nsp2, ORF3 and ORF5 showed the 
      largest number of nucleotide substitutions at day 28 compared to days 4 and 42 
      post-infection. Differences were also found in genetic variations when comparing 
      tonsil versus serum. The results of dN/dS ratios showed that the same regions 
      evolved under negative selection. However, eight amino acid sites were identified 
      as possessing significant levels of positive selection, including A27V and N32S 
      substitutions in the GP5 ectodomain region. These changes may alter GP5 peptide 
      signal sequence processing and N-glycosylation, respectively. The results 
      indicate that the greatest genetic diversity occurs during the transition between 
      acute and rebound stages of infection, and the introduction of mutations that may 
      result in a gain of fitness provides a potential mechanism for persistence.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
FAU - Chen, Nanhua
AU  - Chen N
AD  - Department of Diagnostic Medicine and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary 
      Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, United States; College of 
      Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, PR China. 
      Electronic address: chnhlh@126.com.
FAU - Trible, Benjamin R
AU  - Trible BR
AD  - Department of Diagnostic Medicine and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary 
      Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, United States.
FAU - Kerrigan, Maureen A
AU  - Kerrigan MA
AD  - Department of Diagnostic Medicine and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary 
      Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, United States.
FAU - Tian, Kegong
AU  - Tian K
AD  - OIE Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Reference Laboratory, Beijing, 
      PR China.
FAU - Rowland, Raymond R R
AU  - Rowland RRR
AD  - Department of Diagnostic Medicine and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary 
      Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, United States.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20160304
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Infect Genet Evol
JT  - Infection, genetics and evolution : journal of molecular epidemiology and 
      evolutionary genetics in infectious diseases
JID - 101084138
RN  - 0 (RNA, Viral)
RN  - 0 (Viral Envelope Proteins)
RN  - 0 (glycoprotein 5, PRRSV)
SB  - IM
MH  - Amino Acid Sequence
MH  - Amino Acid Substitution
MH  - Animals
MH  - Disease Progression
MH  - Genetic Variation
MH  - Genome, Viral
MH  - Neutralization Tests
MH  - Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome/*virology
MH  - Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus/*genetics/immunology
MH  - RNA, Viral
MH  - *Selection, Genetic
MH  - Sequence Analysis, DNA
MH  - Swine
MH  - Time Factors
MH  - Viral Envelope Proteins/chemistry/*genetics
MH  - Viral Load
MH  - Viremia
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Deep sequencing
OT  - Diversifying selection
OT  - Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV)
OT  - Viral quasispecies
OT  - Virus rebound
EDAT- 2016/03/11 06:00
MHDA- 2017/09/28 06:00
CRDT- 2016/03/11 06:00
PHST- 2016/01/30 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2016/02/28 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2016/03/02 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2016/03/11 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2016/03/11 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/09/28 06:00 [medline]
AID - S1567-1348(16)30072-7 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.meegid.2016.03.002 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Infect Genet Evol. 2016 Jun;40:167-175. doi: 10.1016/j.meegid.2016.03.002. Epub 
      2016 Mar 4.