PMID- 26991559 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20180116 LR - 20220317 IS - 1097-0193 (Electronic) IS - 1065-9471 (Print) IS - 1065-9471 (Linking) VI - 37 IP - 7 DP - 2016 Jul TI - The effect of inflammation and its reduction on brain plasticity in multiple sclerosis: MRI evidence. PG - 2431-45 LID - 10.1002/hbm.23184 [doi] AB - Brain plasticity is the basis for systems-level functional reorganization that promotes recovery in multiple sclerosis (MS). As inflammation interferes with plasticity, its pharmacological modulation may restore plasticity by promoting desired patterns of functional reorganization. Here, we tested the hypothesis that brain plasticity probed by a visuomotor adaptation task is impaired with MS inflammation and that pharmacological reduction of inflammation facilitates its restoration. MS patients were assessed twice before (sessions 1 and 2) and once after (session 3) the beginning of Interferon beta (IFN beta), using behavioural and structural MRI measures. During each session, 2 functional MRI runs of a visuomotor task, separated by 25-minutes of task practice, were performed. Within-session between-run change in task-related functional signal was our imaging marker of plasticity. During session 1, patients were compared with healthy controls. Comparison of patients' sessions 2 and 3 tested the effect of reduced inflammation on our imaging marker of plasticity. The proportion of patients with gadolinium-enhancing lesions reduced significantly during IFN beta. In session 1, patients demonstrated a greater between-run difference in functional MRI activity of secondary visual areas and cerebellum than controls. This abnormally large practice-induced signal change in visual areas, and in functionally connected posterior parietal and motor cortices, was reduced in patients in session 3 compared with 2. Our results suggest that MS inflammation alters short-term plasticity underlying motor practice. Reduction of inflammation with IFN beta is associated with a restoration of this plasticity, suggesting that modulation of inflammation may enhance recovery-oriented strategies that rely on patients' brain plasticity. Hum Brain Mapp 37:2431-2445, 2016. (c) 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. CI - (c) 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. FAU - Tomassini, Valentina AU - Tomassini V AD - Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University School of Medicine, United Kingdom. AD - Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC), Cardiff University School of Psychology, United Kingdom. AD - IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy. FAU - d'Ambrosio, Alessandro AU - d'Ambrosio A AD - Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University School of Medicine, United Kingdom. AD - Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC), Cardiff University School of Psychology, United Kingdom. AD - Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Metabolic and Aging Sciences, Second University of Naples, Italy. FAU - Petsas, Nikolaos AU - Petsas N AD - Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy. FAU - Wise, Richard G AU - Wise RG AD - Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC), Cardiff University School of Psychology, United Kingdom. FAU - Sbardella, Emilia AU - Sbardella E AD - Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy. FAU - Allen, Marek AU - Allen M AD - Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC), Cardiff University School of Psychology, United Kingdom. FAU - Tona, Francesca AU - Tona F AD - Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy. FAU - Fanelli, Fulvia AU - Fanelli F AD - Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy. FAU - Foster, Catherine AU - Foster C AD - Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC), Cardiff University School of Psychology, United Kingdom. FAU - Carni, Marco AU - Carni M AD - Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy. FAU - Gallo, Antonio AU - Gallo A AD - Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Metabolic and Aging Sciences, Second University of Naples, Italy. FAU - Pantano, Patrizia AU - Pantano P AD - Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy. AD - IRCCS NeuroMed, Pozzilli, IS. FAU - Pozzilli, Carlo AU - Pozzilli C AD - Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy. LA - eng GR - MR/L010305/1/MRC_/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom PT - Journal Article DEP - 20160318 PL - United States TA - Hum Brain Mapp JT - Human brain mapping JID - 9419065 RN - 0 (Contrast Media) RN - 0 (Immunologic Factors) RN - AU0V1LM3JT (Gadolinium) RN - XRO4566Q4R (Interferon beta-1a) SB - IM MH - Adaptation, Physiological/drug effects/physiology MH - Adaptation, Psychological/drug effects/*physiology MH - Adult MH - Brain/diagnostic imaging/drug effects/*immunology MH - Brain Mapping MH - Cohort Studies MH - Contrast Media MH - Female MH - Gadolinium MH - Humans MH - Immunologic Factors/therapeutic use MH - Interferon beta-1a/therapeutic use MH - Magnetic Resonance Imaging MH - Male MH - Motor Activity/drug effects/*physiology MH - Multiple Sclerosis/diagnostic imaging/drug therapy/*immunology MH - Neuronal Plasticity/drug effects/*physiology MH - Neuropsychological Tests MH - Practice, Psychological MH - Treatment Outcome MH - Visual Perception/drug effects/*physiology PMC - PMC5069650 OTO - NOTNLM OT - brain plasticity OT - functional MRI OT - inflammation OT - interferon beta OT - multiple sclerosis EDAT- 2016/03/19 06:00 MHDA- 2018/01/18 06:00 PMCR- 2016/03/18 CRDT- 2016/03/19 06:00 PHST- 2015/09/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2016/03/04 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2016/03/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2016/03/19 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2016/03/19 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2018/01/18 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2016/03/18 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - HBM23184 [pii] AID - 10.1002/hbm.23184 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Hum Brain Mapp. 2016 Jul;37(7):2431-45. doi: 10.1002/hbm.23184. Epub 2016 Mar 18.