PMID- 26998632 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20170522 LR - 20240327 IS - 1468-2044 (Electronic) IS - 0003-9888 (Print) IS - 0003-9888 (Linking) VI - 101 IP - 6 DP - 2016 Jun TI - Epidemiology of children with head injury: a national overview. PG - 527-532 LID - 10.1136/archdischild-2015-308424 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: The National Confidential Enquiry describes the epidemiology of children admitted to hospital with head injury. METHOD: Children (<15 years old) who died or were admitted for >4 h with head injury were identified from 216 UK hospitals (1 September 2009 to 28 February 2010). Data were collected using standard proformas and entered on to a database. A descriptive analysis of the causal mechanisms, child demographics, neurological impairment, CT findings, and outcome at 72 h are provided. RESULTS: Details of 5700 children, median age 4 years (range 0-14.9 years), were analysed; 1093 (19.2%) were <1 year old, 3500 (61.4%) were boys. There was a significant association of head injury with social deprivation 39.7/100 000 (95% CI 37.0 to 42.6) in the least deprived first quintile vs. 55.1 (95% CI 52.1 to 58.2) in the most deprived fifth quintile (p<0.01). Twenty-four children died (0.4%). Most children were admitted for one night or less; 4522 (79%) had a Glasgow Coma Scale score of 15 or were Alert (on AVPU (Alert, Voice, Pain, Unresponsive)). The most common causes of head injury were falls (3537 (62.1%); children <5 years), sports-related incidents (783 (13.7%); median age 12.4 years), or motor vehicle accidents (MVAs) (401 (7.1%); primary-school-aged children). CT scans were performed in 1734 (30.4%) children; 536 (30.9%) were abnormal (skull fracture and/or intracranial injury or abnormality): 269 (7.6%) were falls, 82 (10.5%) sports related and 100 (25%). A total of 357 (6.2%) children were referred to social care because of child protection concerns (median age 9 months (range 0-14.9 years)). CONCLUSIONS: The data described highlight priorities for targeted age-specific head injury prevention and have the potential to provide a baseline to evaluate the effects of regional trauma networks (2012) and National Institute of Health and Care Excellence (NICE) head injury guidelines (2014), which were revised after the study was completed. CI - Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/ FAU - Trefan, L AU - Trefan L AD - College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK. FAU - Houston, R AU - Houston R AD - Placements Manager at Kids Company, London, UK. FAU - Pearson, G AU - Pearson G AD - Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham, UK. FAU - Edwards, R AU - Edwards R AD - Department of Neurosurgery, Bristol Hospital for Children, Bristol, UK. FAU - Hyde, P AU - Hyde P AD - Paediatric Intensive Care Unit, Southampton Children's Hospital, Southampton, UK. FAU - Maconochie, I AU - Maconochie I AD - Imperial College NHS Healthcare Trust, London, UK. FAU - Parslow, R C AU - Parslow RC AD - Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK. FAU - Kemp, A AU - Kemp A AD - College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20160314 PL - England TA - Arch Dis Child JT - Archives of disease in childhood JID - 0372434 SB - IM MH - Accidental Falls/statistics & numerical data MH - Accidents, Traffic/statistics & numerical data MH - Adolescent MH - Age Distribution MH - Athletic Injuries/epidemiology MH - Child MH - Child Protective Services/statistics & numerical data MH - Child, Preschool MH - Craniocerebral Trauma/diagnostic imaging/*epidemiology/mortality MH - Female MH - Glasgow Coma Scale MH - Hospitalization/statistics & numerical data MH - Humans MH - Infant MH - Infant, Newborn MH - Length of Stay/statistics & numerical data MH - Male MH - Prevalence MH - Prospective Studies MH - Severity of Illness Index MH - Sex Distribution MH - Skull Fractures/diagnostic imaging/epidemiology/mortality MH - Socioeconomic Factors MH - Tomography, X-Ray Computed MH - United Kingdom/epidemiology PMC - PMC4893082 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Accident & Emergency OT - Injury Prevention EDAT- 2016/03/22 06:00 MHDA- 2017/05/23 06:00 PMCR- 2016/06/04 CRDT- 2016/03/22 06:00 PHST- 2015/02/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2015/11/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2016/03/22 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2016/03/22 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2017/05/23 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2016/06/04 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - archdischild-2015-308424 [pii] AID - 10.1136/archdischild-2015-308424 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Arch Dis Child. 2016 Jun;101(6):527-532. doi: 10.1136/archdischild-2015-308424. Epub 2016 Mar 14.