PMID- 27002728
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20160802
LR  - 20220409
IS  - 1932-6203 (Electronic)
IS  - 1932-6203 (Linking)
VI  - 11
IP  - 3
DP  - 2016
TI  - Diabetes-Related Distress, Depression and Distress-Depression among Adults with 
      Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Malaysia.
PG  - e0152095
LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0152095 [doi]
LID - e0152095
AB  - Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) brings about an increasing psychosocial problem 
      in adult patients. Prevalence data on and associated factors of diabetes related 
      distress (DRD) and depression have been lacking in Asia. This study aimed to 
      examine the prevalence of DRD and depression, and their associated factors in 
      Asian adult T2DM patients. This study was conducted in three public health 
      clinics measuring DRD (Diabetes Distress Scale, DDS), and depression (Patient 
      Health Questionnaire, PHQ). Patients who were at least 30 years of age, had T2DM 
      for more than one year, with regular follow-up and recent laboratory results (< 3 
      months) were consecutively recruited. Associations between DRD, depression and 
      the combination DRD-depression with demographic and clinical characteristics were 
      analysed using generalized linear models. From 752 invited people, 700 
      participated (mean age 56.9 years, 52.8% female, 52.9% Malay, 79.1% married). 
      Prevalence of DRD and depression were 49.2% and 41.7%, respectively. Distress and 
      depression were correlated, spearman's r = 0.50. Patients with higher DRD were 
      younger (OR 0.995, 95% CI 0.996 to 0.991), Chinese (OR 1.2, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.29), 
      attending Dengkil health clinic (OR 1.1, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.22) and had higher 
      scores on the PHQ (OR 1.1, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.06). Depression was less likely in 
      the unmarried compared to divorced/separately living and those attending Dengkil 
      health clinic, but more likely in patients with microvascular complications (OR 
      1.4, 95% CI 1.06 to 1.73) and higher DDS (OR 1.03, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.03). For the 
      combination of DRD and depression, unemployment (OR 4.7, 95% CI 1.02 to 21.20) 
      had positive association, whereas those under medical care at the Salak health 
      clinics (OR 0.28, 95% CI 0.12 to 0.63), and those with a blood pressure > 130/80 
      mmHg (OR 0.53, 95% CI 0.32 to 0.89) were less likely to experience both DRD and 
      depression. DRD and depression were common and correlated in Asian adults with 
      T2DM at primary care level. Socio-demographic more than clinical characteristics 
      were related to DRD and depression.
FAU - Chew, Boon-How
AU  - Chew BH
AD  - Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, 
      Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
AD  - Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center 
      Utrecht, Department of General Practice, Huispost Str.6.131, P.O. Box 85500, 3508 
      GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
FAU - Vos, Rimke
AU  - Vos R
AD  - Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center 
      Utrecht, Department of General Practice, Huispost Str.6.131, P.O. Box 85500, 3508 
      GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
FAU - Mohd-Sidik, Sherina
AU  - Mohd-Sidik S
AD  - Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti 
      Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
FAU - Rutten, Guy E H M
AU  - Rutten GE
AD  - Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center 
      Utrecht, Department of General Practice, Huispost Str.6.131, P.O. Box 85500, 3508 
      GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20160322
PL  - United States
TA  - PLoS One
JT  - PloS one
JID - 101285081
SB  - IM
MH  - Depression/*epidemiology/*etiology
MH  - Depressive Disorder/*epidemiology/*etiology
MH  - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/*complications
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Malaysia/epidemiology
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Prevalence
MH  - Primary Health Care/methods
MH  - Quality of Life/psychology
MH  - Surveys and Questionnaires
PMC - PMC4803274
COIS- Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
EDAT- 2016/03/24 06:00
MHDA- 2016/08/03 06:00
PMCR- 2016/03/22
CRDT- 2016/03/23 06:00
PHST- 2015/06/09 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2016/03/08 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2016/03/23 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2016/03/24 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2016/08/03 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2016/03/22 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - PONE-D-15-24483 [pii]
AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0152095 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - PLoS One. 2016 Mar 22;11(3):e0152095. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152095. 
      eCollection 2016.