PMID- 27029238
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20170127
LR  - 20181113
IS  - 2045-2322 (Electronic)
IS  - 2045-2322 (Linking)
VI  - 6
DP  - 2016 Mar 31
TI  - Effective heterogeneous transition metal glycerolates catalysts for one-step 
      biodiesel production from low grade non-refined Jatropha oil and crude aqueous 
      bioethanol.
PG  - 23822
LID - 10.1038/srep23822 [doi]
LID - 23822
AB  - The utilization of bioethanol as the alcohol source for biodiesel production is 
      more environmentally advantageous over methanol owing to its lower toxicity, 
      lower flammability and its sustainable supply from renewable agricultural 
      resources. However, as the presence of water in crude bioethanol is the critical 
      factor limiting the biodiesel production process, the energy-intensive and costly 
      purification of bioethanol is necessary for biodiesel application. Manganese 
      glycerolate (MnGly) is reported the first time here as a robust heterogeneous 
      catalyst that exhibited over 90% conversion by using aqueous ethanol containing 
      80 wt.% of water in the production of fatty acid ethyl ester (FAEE). The 
      employment of 95 wt.% ethanol with respect to water could achieve 99.7% feedstock 
      conversion in 6 hours under the optimal reaction conditions: reaction temperature 
      (150  degrees C), feedstock-to-ethanol molar ratio (1:20) and catalyst loading (6 wt.%). 
      Commercially available low grade crude bioethanol with the presence of impurities 
      like sugars were applied which demonstrated remarkable catalytic activity in 
      24 hours. The high water tolerance of MnGly towards biodiesel production could 
      eventually simplify the purification of bioethanol that consumes less energy and 
      production cost.
FAU - Lau, Pak-Chung
AU  - Lau PC
AD  - Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic 
      University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
AD  - Shenzhen Research Institute of The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Shenzhen 
      518057, China.
FAU - Kwong, Tsz-Lung
AU  - Kwong TL
AD  - Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic 
      University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
AD  - Shenzhen Research Institute of The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Shenzhen 
      518057, China.
FAU - Yung, Ka-Fu
AU  - Yung KF
AD  - Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic 
      University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
AD  - Shenzhen Research Institute of The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Shenzhen 
      518057, China.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20160331
PL  - England
TA  - Sci Rep
JT  - Scientific reports
JID - 101563288
RN  - 0 (Biofuels)
RN  - 0 (Esters)
RN  - 0 (Fatty Acids)
RN  - 0 (Plant Oils)
RN  - 059QF0KO0R (Water)
RN  - 3G0H8C9362 (Cobalt)
RN  - 3K9958V90M (Ethanol)
RN  - 42Z2K6ZL8P (Manganese)
RN  - E1UOL152H7 (Iron)
RN  - J41CSQ7QDS (Zinc)
RN  - PDC6A3C0OX (Glycerol)
SB  - IM
MH  - *Biofuels
MH  - Catalysis
MH  - Cobalt/chemistry
MH  - Esters
MH  - Ethanol/*chemistry
MH  - Fatty Acids/*chemical synthesis
MH  - Glycerol/analogs & derivatives/chemistry
MH  - Iron/chemistry
MH  - Jatropha/*chemistry
MH  - Kinetics
MH  - Manganese/*chemistry
MH  - Plant Oils/*chemistry
MH  - Water/chemistry
MH  - Zinc/chemistry
PMC - PMC4814873
EDAT- 2016/04/01 06:00
MHDA- 2017/01/28 06:00
PMCR- 2016/03/31
CRDT- 2016/04/01 06:00
PHST- 2015/11/27 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2016/03/15 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2016/04/01 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2016/04/01 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/01/28 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2016/03/31 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - srep23822 [pii]
AID - 10.1038/srep23822 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Sci Rep. 2016 Mar 31;6:23822. doi: 10.1038/srep23822.