PMID- 27072606
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20171013
LR  - 20230203
IS  - 1935-3456 (Electronic)
IS  - 1933-0219 (Linking)
VI  - 10
IP  - 1
DP  - 2017 Jan
TI  - Pretreatment with a heat-killed probiotic modulates monocyte chemoattractant 
      protein-1 and reduces the pathogenicity of influenza and enterovirus 71 
      infections.
PG  - 215-227
LID - 10.1038/mi.2016.31 [doi]
AB  - It has been proposed that inactivated probiotics may modulate the host immune 
      system and contribute to mitigation of viral infections. This study demonstrated 
      that administration of heat-killed Enterococcus faecalis, a widely used 
      probiotic, can protect host animals against viral infections. The 
      influenza-mediated morbidity and lung inflammation in E. faecalis-treated mice 
      decreased significantly compared with those of the control mice. Furthermore, we 
      found that the protection is associated with production of monocyte 
      chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1). The intratracheal injection of a recombinant 
      mouse MCP-1 protein abrogated the antiviral effects elicited by pretreatment with 
      E. faecalis. CC chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2) is a receptor for MCP-1, and the 
      intraperitoneal administration of a CCR2 antagonist effectively inhibited viral 
      pathogenicity. The reduced pathogenicity was also observed in CCR2-deficient 
      mice. Finally, E. faecalis significantly attenuated neuropathogenicity induced by 
      another RNA virus, enterovirus 71. This study demonstrates that killed probiotics 
      can reduce viral disease severity and identify that the MCP-1 pathway might act 
      as a key mediator in the improved antiviral immune response. Our findings suggest 
      that MCP-1 and its related signaling pathway can serve as critical therapeutic 
      targets for development of new antiviral strategies.
FAU - Chen, M-F
AU  - Chen MF
AD  - Research Center for Emerging Viral Infections, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, 
      Taiwan, ROC.
FAU - Weng, K-F
AU  - Weng KF
AD  - Research Center for Emerging Viral Infections, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, 
      Taiwan, ROC.
FAU - Huang, S-Y
AU  - Huang SY
AD  - Research Center for Emerging Viral Infections, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, 
      Taiwan, ROC.
AD  - Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, 
      Taiwan, ROC.
FAU - Liu, Y-C
AU  - Liu YC
AD  - Research Center for Emerging Viral Infections, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, 
      Taiwan, ROC.
FAU - Tseng, S-N
AU  - Tseng SN
AD  - Research Center for Emerging Viral Infections, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, 
      Taiwan, ROC.
FAU - Ojcius, D M
AU  - Ojcius DM
AD  - Center for Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, 
      Taiwan, ROC.
AD  - Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of the Pacific, Arthur Dugoni 
      School of Dentistry, San Francisco, California, USA.
FAU - Shih, S-R
AU  - Shih SR
AD  - Research Center for Emerging Viral Infections, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, 
      Taiwan, ROC.
AD  - Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, 
      Taiwan, ROC.
AD  - Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, Chang Gung 
      University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan, ROC.
AD  - Clinical Virology Laboratory, Department of Clinical Pathology, Chang Gung 
      Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan, ROC.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20160413
PL  - United States
TA  - Mucosal Immunol
JT  - Mucosal immunology
JID - 101299742
RN  - 0 (Ccl2 protein, mouse)
RN  - 0 (Ccr2 protein, mouse)
RN  - 0 (Chemokine CCL2)
RN  - 0 (Receptors, CCR2)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Cells, Cultured
MH  - Chemokine CCL2/*metabolism
MH  - Enterococcus faecalis/*immunology
MH  - Enterovirus A, Human/*immunology/pathogenicity
MH  - Enterovirus Infections/*immunology
MH  - Hot Temperature
MH  - Humans
MH  - Immunomodulation
MH  - Male
MH  - Mice
MH  - Mice, Inbred C57BL
MH  - Mice, Knockout
MH  - Orthomyxoviridae/*immunology/pathogenicity
MH  - Orthomyxoviridae Infections/*immunology
MH  - Probiotics/*administration & dosage
MH  - Receptors, CCR2/genetics
EDAT- 2016/04/14 06:00
MHDA- 2017/10/14 06:00
CRDT- 2016/04/14 06:00
PHST- 2015/10/15 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2016/02/29 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2016/04/14 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/10/14 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2016/04/14 06:00 [entrez]
AID - S1933-0219(22)00636-5 [pii]
AID - 10.1038/mi.2016.31 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Mucosal Immunol. 2017 Jan;10(1):215-227. doi: 10.1038/mi.2016.31. Epub 2016 Apr 
      13.