PMID- 27078091
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20170426
LR  - 20171119
IS  - 1096-0953 (Electronic)
IS  - 0013-9351 (Linking)
VI  - 148
DP  - 2016 Jul
TI  - Analysis of human hair to assess exposure to organophosphate flame retardants: 
      Influence of hair segments and gender differences.
PG  - 177-183
LID - S0013-9351(16)30115-3 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.envres.2016.03.032 [doi]
AB  - Hair is a promising, non-invasive, human biomonitoring matrix that can provide 
      insight into retrospective and integral exposure to organic pollutants. In the 
      present study, we measured the concentrations of organophosphate flame retardants 
      (PFRs) in hair and serum samples from university students in Guangzhou, China, 
      and compared the PFR concentrations in the female hair segments using paired 
      distal (5~10cm from the root) and proximal (0~5cm from the root) samples. PFRs 
      were not detected in the serum samples. All PFRs except tricresyl phosphate 
      (TMPP) and tri-n-propyl phosphate (TPP) were detected in more than half of all 
      hair samples. The concentrations of total PFRs varied from 10.1 to 604ng/g, with 
      a median of 148ng/g. Tris(chloroisopropyl) phosphate (TCIPP) and tri(2-ethylexyl) 
      phosphate (TEHP) were the predominant PFRs in hair. The concentrations of most 
      PFRs in the distal segments were 1.5~8.6 times higher than those in the proximal 
      segments of the hair (t-test, p<0.05), which may be due to the longer exposure 
      time of the distal segments to external sources. The values of log (PFR 
      concentrations-distal/PFR concentrations-proximal) were positively and 
      significantly correlated with log KOA of PFRs (p<0.05, r=0.68), indicating that 
      PFRs with a higher log KOA tend to accumulate in hair at a higher rate than PFRs 
      with a lower log KOA. Using combined segments of female hair, significantly 
      higher PFR concentrations were observed in female hair than in male hair. In 
      contrast, female hair exhibited significantly lower PFR concentrations than male 
      hair when using the same hair position for both genders (0-5cm from the scalp). 
      The controversial results regarding gender differences in PFRs in hair highlight 
      the importance of segmental analysis when using hair as an indicator of human 
      exposure to PFRs.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
FAU - Qiao, Lin
AU  - Qiao L
AD  - State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen 
      University, Guangzhou 510275, China; Center for Environmental Health Research, 
      South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental 
      Protection, Guangzhou 510655, China.
FAU - Zheng, Xiao-Bo
AU  - Zheng XB
AD  - College of Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, 
      Guangzhou 510642, China; State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and 
      Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, 
      Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 
      510640, China.
FAU - Zheng, Jing
AU  - Zheng J
AD  - Center for Environmental Health Research, South China Institute of Environmental 
      Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou 510655, China. 
      Electronic address: zhengjing@scies.org.
FAU - Lei, Wei-Xiang
AU  - Lei WX
AD  - Center for Environmental Health Research, South China Institute of Environmental 
      Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou 510655, China.
FAU - Li, Hong-Fang
AU  - Li HF
AD  - Department of Neonatology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, 
      Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.
FAU - Wang, Mei-Huan
AU  - Wang MH
AD  - Center for Environmental Health Research, South China Institute of Environmental 
      Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou 510655, China.
FAU - He, Chun-Tao
AU  - He CT
AD  - State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen 
      University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
FAU - Chen, She-Jun
AU  - Chen SJ
AD  - State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Key Laboratory of 
      Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of 
      Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.
FAU - Yuan, Jian-Gang
AU  - Yuan JG
AD  - State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen 
      University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
FAU - Luo, Xiao-Jun
AU  - Luo XJ
AD  - State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Key Laboratory of 
      Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of 
      Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.
FAU - Yu, Yun-Jiang
AU  - Yu YJ
AD  - Center for Environmental Health Research, South China Institute of Environmental 
      Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou 510655, China.
FAU - Yang, Zhong-Yi
AU  - Yang ZY
AD  - State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen 
      University, Guangzhou 510275, China. Electronic address: adsyzy@mail.sysu.edu.cn.
FAU - Mai, Bi-Xian
AU  - Mai BX
AD  - State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Key Laboratory of 
      Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of 
      Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20160411
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Environ Res
JT  - Environmental research
JID - 0147621
RN  - 0 (Environmental Pollutants)
RN  - 0 (Flame Retardants)
RN  - 0 (Organophosphates)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - China
MH  - Environmental Monitoring/methods
MH  - Environmental Pollutants/*analysis
MH  - Female
MH  - Flame Retardants/*analysis
MH  - Hair/*chemistry
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Organophosphates/*analysis
MH  - Sex Factors
MH  - Young Adult
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Gender difference
OT  - Human hair
OT  - Organophosphate flame retardants
OT  - Segmental difference
OT  - Serum
EDAT- 2016/04/15 06:00
MHDA- 2017/04/27 06:00
CRDT- 2016/04/15 06:00
PHST- 2016/01/04 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2016/03/23 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2016/03/24 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2016/04/15 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2016/04/15 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/04/27 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0013-9351(16)30115-3 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.envres.2016.03.032 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Res. 2016 Jul;148:177-183. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2016.03.032. Epub 2016 
      Apr 11.