PMID- 27103338
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20170209
LR  - 20170209
IS  - 1938-2723 (Electronic)
IS  - 1076-0296 (Linking)
VI  - 22
IP  - 7
DP  - 2016 Oct
TI  - Are Inflammatory Biomarkers Increased in Varicose Vein Blood?
PG  - 656-64
LID - 10.1177/1076029616645330 [doi]
AB  - OBJECTIVES: To test for the presence of inflammatory biomarkers in blood taken 
      from varicose veins versus antecubital blood of the same patient and compare this 
      to levels in healthy controls. METHODS: Using a multiplex biochip array method 
      (Randox, United Kingdom), the interleukins (ILs) IL-1alpha, IL-1beta, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, 
      IL-8, and IL-10; vascular endothelial growth factor; interferon gamma, tumor necrosis 
      factor alpha ; monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1); and epidermal growth factor 
      were measured in citrated plasma samples drawn from the arms and legs of 24 
      patients with varicose veins and 24 controls. RESULTS: Expressed as median 
      (interquartile range) in pg/mL, leg samples from patients with varicose veins had 
      significantly higher levels of IL-8 and MCP-1 compared to their own arm samples 
      (IL-8: local 2.3 [1.71-3.3] vs systemic 2.3 [1.62-2.98], P = .023; MCP-1: local 
      114.42 [84.29-139.05] vs systemic 103.56 [79.75-126.42], P < .0005). This was not 
      observed in the control group. Leg samples from both patients with varicose vein 
      and controls had higher levels of IL-6 compared to their own arm samples 
      (patients: local 1.67 [0.82-4.48] vs systemic 1.24 [0.58-3.26], P = .002; 
      controls: local 1.23 [0.83-1.7] vs systemic 1.03 [1.7-1.52], P = .005). No 
      significant differences were detected with the other biomarkers. CONCLUSIONS: 
      Blood drawn from the site of varicose veins appears to have significantly 
      increased concentrations of IL-6, IL-8, and MCP-1 when compared to the same 
      patient's arm blood. This supports the hypothesis that inflammation is activated 
      from the tissues drained by the varicose veins.
CI  - (c) The Author(s) 2016.
FAU - Lattimer, Christopher R
AU  - Lattimer CR
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0282-4826
AD  - Faculty of Medicine, Josef Pflug Vascular Laboratory, Ealing Hospital and 
      Imperial College, Southall, Middlesex, United Kingdom 
      c.lattimer09@imperial.ac.uk.
FAU - Kalodiki, Evi
AU  - Kalodiki E
AD  - Faculty of Medicine, Josef Pflug Vascular Laboratory, Ealing Hospital and 
      Imperial College, Southall, Middlesex, United Kingdom Hemostasis and Thrombosis 
      Research Laboratories, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, USA.
FAU - Geroulakos, George
AU  - Geroulakos G
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0310-2726
AD  - Faculty of Medicine, Josef Pflug Vascular Laboratory, Ealing Hospital and 
      Imperial College, Southall, Middlesex, United Kingdom.
FAU - Hoppensteadt, Debra
AU  - Hoppensteadt D
AD  - Hemostasis and Thrombosis Research Laboratories, Loyola University Medical 
      Center, Maywood, IL, USA.
FAU - Fareed, Jawed
AU  - Fareed J
AD  - Hemostasis and Thrombosis Research Laboratories, Loyola University Medical 
      Center, Maywood, IL, USA.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20160421
PL  - United States
TA  - Clin Appl Thromb Hemost
JT  - Clinical and applied thrombosis/hemostasis : official journal of the 
      International Academy of Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis
JID - 9508125
RN  - 0 (Biomarkers)
RN  - 0 (Cytokines)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Aged
MH  - Aged, 80 and over
MH  - Biomarkers/*blood
MH  - Chronic Disease
MH  - Cytokines/*blood
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Inflammation
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Varicose Veins/*blood
MH  - Venous Insufficiency/*blood
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - biochip array analysis
OT  - chronic venous insufficiency
OT  - inflammatory biomarkers
OT  - inflammatory cytokines
OT  - varicose veins
EDAT- 2016/04/23 06:00
MHDA- 2017/02/10 06:00
CRDT- 2016/04/23 06:00
PHST- 2016/04/23 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2016/04/23 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/02/10 06:00 [medline]
AID - 1076029616645330 [pii]
AID - 10.1177/1076029616645330 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Clin Appl Thromb Hemost. 2016 Oct;22(7):656-64. doi: 10.1177/1076029616645330. 
      Epub 2016 Apr 21.