PMID- 27107265
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20170915
LR  - 20171201
IS  - 1554-527X (Electronic)
IS  - 0736-0266 (Linking)
VI  - 35
IP  - 2
DP  - 2017 Feb
TI  - Characterization of endotoxins on orthopaedic fixation screws, using 
      physicochemical surface analyses.
PG  - 240-247
LID - 10.1002/jor.23271 [doi]
AB  - The objective of this study was to determine if surface analysis techniques could 
      be used to detect endotoxin on stainless steel malleolus screws. New malleolus 
      screws were compared to ones that had been coated in purified lipopolysaccharide 
      (LPS) or Artificial Test Soil (ATS) containing lipopolysaccharide. X-ray 
      photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and time-of 
      flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) were used to assess the 
      fixation screws surface. Organic material was visualized on the LPS and ATS-LPS 
      inoculated screws but not on the new unsoiled screws. This was further supported 
      by the peaks observed at masses between 40 and 100 D in TOF-SIMS spectra of the 
      LPS and ATS-LPS inoculated screws. After deconvolution of N1s high resolution XPS 
      spectra, the LPS inoculated screws showed amide groups whereas the ATS-LPS 
      inoculated screws showed predominantly nitroso groups (C-NO). Our data 
      demonstrate that surface analysis can be used to detect organic residuals present 
      on fixation screws. The XPS data confirmed that LPS reacted predominantly with 
      positively charged surface metallic ions (Fe and Cr), whereas proteins reacted 
      with the surface oxide layer of fixation screws, forming C-NO groups. The 
      application of these surface analysis techniques will be helpful in determining 
      if the reprocessing of such items results in an accumulation of organic material 
      that might lead to aseptic loosening, when implanted. (c) 2016 Orthopaedic Research 
      Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 35:240-247, 2017.
CI  - (c) 2016 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
FAU - Franca, Rodrigo
AU  - Franca R
AD  - Dental Biomaterials Research Laboratory, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department 
      of Restorative Dentistry, University of Manitoba, 780 Bannatyne Avenue, Winnipeg, 
      Manitoba R3E 0W2, Canada.
AD  - Laboratoire d'Innovation et d'Analyse de Bioperformance, Ecole Polytechnique de 
      Montreal, C.P. 5079, Succursale Centre-ville, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3A7, Canada.
FAU - Alfa, Michelle
AU  - Alfa M
AD  - St-Boniface Hospital Research Center, 351 Tache Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba R2H 
      2A6, Canada.
AD  - Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba 
      R3E 0l9, Canada.
FAU - Olson, Nancy
AU  - Olson N
AD  - St-Boniface Hospital Research Center, 351 Tache Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba R2H 
      2A6, Canada.
FAU - Yahia, L'Hocine
AU  - Yahia L
AD  - Laboratoire d'Innovation et d'Analyse de Bioperformance, Ecole Polytechnique de 
      Montreal, C.P. 5079, Succursale Centre-ville, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3A7, Canada.
FAU - Sacher, Edward
AU  - Sacher E
AD  - Regroupement Quebecois de Materiaux de Pointe and Departement de Genie Physique, 
      Ecole Polytechnique de Montreal, C.P. 6079, Succursale Centre-ville, Montreal, 
      Quebec H3C 3A7, Canada.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20160624
PL  - United States
TA  - J Orthop Res
JT  - Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic 
      Research Society
JID - 8404726
RN  - 0 (Endotoxins)
RN  - 0 (Lipopolysaccharides)
SB  - IM
MH  - *Bone Screws
MH  - Endotoxins/*analysis
MH  - Equipment Contamination
MH  - Fracture Fixation, Internal/*instrumentation
MH  - Lipopolysaccharides
MH  - Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
MH  - Photoelectron Spectroscopy
MH  - Spectrometry, Mass, Secondary Ion
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - aseptic loosening
OT  - endotoxins
OT  - sterilization reprocessing
OT  - surface analyses
EDAT- 2016/04/24 06:00
MHDA- 2017/09/16 06:00
CRDT- 2016/04/24 06:00
PHST- 2015/12/11 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2016/04/04 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2016/04/24 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/09/16 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2016/04/24 06:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1002/jor.23271 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Orthop Res. 2017 Feb;35(2):240-247. doi: 10.1002/jor.23271. Epub 2016 Jun 24.