PMID- 27175774 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20170406 LR - 20170406 IS - 1791-3004 (Electronic) IS - 1791-2997 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 1 DP - 2016 Jul TI - Ratio of S-adenosylmethionine to S-adenosylhomocysteine as a sensitive indicator of atherosclerosis. PG - 289-300 LID - 10.3892/mmr.2016.5230 [doi] AB - The present study aimed to confirm whether the ratio of S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) to S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH) is a sensitive indicator, and whether it can be used as a biomarker for the clinical diagnosis of atherosclerosis. Apolipoprotein E (ApoE)-/- mice were randomly divided into four groups and fed with a high methionine diet for 15 weeks. Serum levels of homocysteine (Hcy) were measured using an automatic biochemistry analyzer. The concentrations of SAM and SAH were determined using high‑performance liquid chromatography. The methylation levels of B1 repetitive elements, adipocyte fatty acid binding protein (FABP4), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC‑SOD) were analyzed using nested touchdown-methylation-specific-polymerase chain reaction analysis. After 15 weeks, compared with the normal control group, serum concentrations of Hcy were significantly increased by 1.15‑, 2.54‑ and 1.17‑fold (P<0.05) in the ApoE‑/‑ control group, Meth group and Meth‑F group, respectively. The sizes of the atherosclerotic lesions were increased in the ApoE‑/‑ control group, Meth group and Meth‑F group, by up to 1.44‑, 2.40‑ and 1.45‑fold, respectively, compared with the normal control group (P<0.05). The concentrations of SAM were significantly increased by 3.02‑, 3.42‑ and 2.46‑fold in the ApoE‑/‑ control group, Meth group and Meth‑F group, respectively (P<0.05). The ratios of SAM/SAH were increased by 1.67‑ and 2.75‑fold in the in ApoE‑/‑ control group and Meth group, respectively, compared with the normal control group. The methylation levels of B1 repetitive elements, FABP4, MCP‑1 and EC‑SOD were decreased and exhibited hypomethylation. The methylation statuses of these genes were correlated with the ratio of the serum levels of SAM and SAH. These findings suggested that the SAM/SAH ratio is a biomarker and may provide a sensitive indicator for the clinical diagnosis of atherosclerosis. FAU - Zhang, Huiping AU - Zhang H AD - Department of Prenatal Diagnosis Center, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China. FAU - Liu, Zhihong AU - Liu Z AD - Department of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China. FAU - Ma, Shengchao AU - Ma S AD - Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China. FAU - Zhang, Hui AU - Zhang H AD - Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China. FAU - Kong, Fanqi AU - Kong F AD - Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China. FAU - He, Yangyang AU - He Y AD - Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China. FAU - Yang, Xiaoling AU - Yang X AD - Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China. FAU - Wang, Yanhua AU - Wang Y AD - Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China. FAU - Xu, Hua AU - Xu H AD - Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China. FAU - Yang, Anning AU - Yang A AD - Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China. FAU - Tian, Jue AU - Tian J AD - Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China. FAU - Zhang, Minghao AU - Zhang M AD - Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China. FAU - Cao, Jun AU - Cao J AD - Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China. FAU - Jiang, Yideng AU - Jiang Y AD - Department of Pathophysiology, Basic Medical School, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China. FAU - Guo, Xiong AU - Guo X AD - Department of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20160509 PL - Greece TA - Mol Med Rep JT - Molecular medicine reports JID - 101475259 RN - 0 (Apolipoproteins E) RN - 0 (Biomarkers) RN - 0 (Chemokine CCL2) RN - 0 (Fabp4 protein, mouse) RN - 0 (Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins) RN - 0LVT1QZ0BA (Homocysteine) RN - 7LP2MPO46S (S-Adenosylmethionine) RN - 979-92-0 (S-Adenosylhomocysteine) RN - EC 1.15.1.1 (Sod3 protein, mouse) RN - EC 1.15.1.1 (Superoxide Dismutase) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - Apolipoproteins E/deficiency MH - Atherosclerosis/blood/genetics/*metabolism MH - Biomarkers MH - Chemokine CCL2/genetics MH - DNA Methylation MH - Disease Models, Animal MH - Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins/genetics MH - Homocysteine/blood/metabolism MH - Interspersed Repetitive Sequences MH - Male MH - Mice MH - Mice, Knockout MH - Plaque, Atherosclerotic/metabolism MH - S-Adenosylhomocysteine/blood/*metabolism MH - S-Adenosylmethionine/blood/*metabolism MH - Superoxide Dismutase/genetics EDAT- 2016/05/14 06:00 MHDA- 2017/04/07 06:00 CRDT- 2016/05/14 06:00 PHST- 2015/04/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2016/03/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2016/05/14 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2016/05/14 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2017/04/07 06:00 [medline] AID - 10.3892/mmr.2016.5230 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Mol Med Rep. 2016 Jul;14(1):289-300. doi: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5230. Epub 2016 May 9.