PMID- 2718142
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 19890619
LR  - 20131121
IS  - 0040-3709 (Print)
IS  - 0040-3709 (Linking)
VI  - 39
IP  - 1
DP  - 1989 Jan
TI  - Central nervous system malformations induced by triamcinolone acetonide in 
      nonhuman primates: pathology.
PG  - 75-84
AB  - Triamcinolone acetonide (TAC) was administered to pregnant macaques (Macaca 
      mulatta [15] and M. radiata [7]) during gestational days (GD) 23 to 41 using 
      various dosing schedules. A daily dose of 10 mg/kg is approximately equal to 100 
      x the human dose equivalent. The brains of the fetuses and infants were studied 
      grossly and histologically. All cases displayed either the mild form of the 
      TAC-induced syndrome (craniofacial dysmorphia, cranium bifidum occultum, 
      meningocele, and mild distortion of the midbrain) or the more severe form 
      (occipital encephalocele, hydrocephalus, severe distortion of the midbrain or 
      midbrain "beaking," shunting of cerebrospinal fluid, and craniofacial 
      malformations). The dysmorphology was dose-related, with severity increasing at 
      higher doses or with increased numbers of treatments. Individual cases were 
      assessed for the severity of the syndrome by comparison of like components 
      between groups. The lesions observed were morphologically comparable to those 
      described in spontaneous human cases; the TAC-induced occipital encephaloceles 
      were associated with brainstem and cerebellar abnormalities, and, with the less 
      severe form of the syndrome, brainstem abnormalities were occasionally present, 
      with occipital meningoceles. Controversy exists concerning the significance and 
      temporal development of the midbrain changes. However, the associated alteration 
      in aqueduct conformation may have been responsible for functional compromise and 
      ensuing hydrocephalus.
FAU - Tarara, R P
AU  - Tarara RP
AD  - California Primate Research Center, Davis.
FAU - Cordy, D R
AU  - Cordy DR
FAU - Hendrickx, A G
AU  - Hendrickx AG
LA  - eng
GR  - 5 T32 ES07055/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - RR00169/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Comparative Study
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
PL  - United States
TA  - Teratology
JT  - Teratology
JID - 0153257
RN  - F446C597KA (Triamcinolone Acetonide)
SB  - IM
MH  - Abnormalities, Drug-Induced/*etiology/pathology
MH  - Abnormalities, Multiple/*chemically induced/pathology
MH  - Animals
MH  - Brain/*abnormalities/pathology
MH  - Female
MH  - Macaca mulatta
MH  - Macaca radiata
MH  - Pregnancy
MH  - Triamcinolone Acetonide/*toxicity
EDAT- 1989/01/01 00:00
MHDA- 1989/01/01 00:01
CRDT- 1989/01/01 00:00
PHST- 1989/01/01 00:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 1989/01/01 00:01 [medline]
PHST- 1989/01/01 00:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1002/tera.1420390109 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Teratology. 1989 Jan;39(1):75-84. doi: 10.1002/tera.1420390109.